Edith Mary Douglas (née Dale) (13 November 1877 – 30 November 1962) was a British engineer, shipyard director and the first woman to fly in an experimental bomber aircraft.
Edith Mary Douglas | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Edith Mary Dale 13 November 1877 |
| Died | 30 November 1962 (aged 85) |
| Nationality | British |
| Spouse | Major Clifford Hugh Douglas |
| Children | 1 |
| Parent | George Desborough Dale |
Early life and marriage
editEdith Mary Dale was born in Kanpur, India.[1] Her father was George Desborough Dale, and he worked in the Indian Civil Service. Douglas was sent home to school in England.[1]
She married Major Clifford Hugh Douglas in 1915. She was his second wife and they had one daughter.[2] Douglas was often referred to as Mrs C. H. Douglas, using the convention of adopting the husband's full name.[3]
Entry into engineering circles
editThrough her husband Edith Douglas learned about engineering and finance. Her husband was one of the founders of the Social Credit movement during the 1920s.[2]
He was Assistant Superintendent of the Royal Aircraft Factory Farnborough during the First World War. Douglas worked with her husband and got involved with the technical aspect of his work. As a result, Douglas was the first woman to fly in experimental bomber aircraft. She attended the 1926 World Engineering Conference in Tokyo and travelled around the world twice, and was considered a great raconteur about her travels.[3]
She became co-director of the Swanwick Shipyard (Hamble River Yacht & Engineering Co.) The shipyard worked on craft powered by sail, steam or motor, generated its own electricity and pumped its own water, and had a slipway for boats up to 250 tons.[4] During the Second World War the company provided construction for small craft for the Admiralty.[1]
Douglas was actively involved in establishing women's organisations.[citation needed]
Women's Engineering Society
editShe became a member of the Women's Engineering Society in 1932,[4] was elected vice president to celebrated pilot Amy Johnson when she held the presidential role, often stepping in when Johnson was unavailable.[3] Edith Douglas became president of the society in 1938. She was succeeded in the role by Caroline Haslett and her vice president was electrical engineer Gertrude Entwisle.[3][5] A 1937 article stated that the soon to be WES president “Mrs. Douglas… starts work most days round about 8 a.m. in Southampton ship-building yard which belongs to the company of which she a director. In a blue flannel suit and old yachting cap, this handsome, dark-eyed woman directs gangs of men and organises the business of the yard”. She told the interviewer that “more women should go in for planning yachts. Even though yachts do float, they are potential homes and as such should be planned from the woman’s point of view.”[6]
Edith Douglas was a successful competitive sailor and yachtsman and won many prizes in regattas, owning a sloop named 'Enid'.[3] She loved playing sport, particularly tennis and golf, and had a great sense of humour. After the end of the war, she retired and moved to Scotland.[7]
Edith Mary Douglas died on 30 November 1962.[7][8][9][1][10][11][12]
References and sources
edit- ^ a b c d "Shipyard manager" (PDF). magnificent women.
- ^ a b "Douglas, Clifford Hugh (1879–1952), economic theorist". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32872. Retrieved 17 May 2020. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ a b c d e "The Woman Engineer Vol 4". www2.theiet.org. Archived from the original on 11 October 2016. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ a b "The Woman Engineer Vol 3". www2.theiet.org. Archived from the original on 11 October 2016. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "The Woman Engineer Vol 5". www2.theiet.org. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Shepton Mallet Journal". 10 September 1937. Retrieved 17 May 2020 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ a b "The Woman Engineer Vol 9". www2.theiet.org. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "LONDON, September 13. - News (Adelaide, SA : 1923 - 1954) - 19 Oct 1935". Trove. 19 October 1935. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
- ^ "Presidents Past & Present". Women's Engineering Society. 23 May 2014. Archived from the original on 23 September 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
- ^ Feiner, S.; Kuiper, E.; Ott, N.; Sap, J.; Tzannatos, Z. (2005). Out of the Margin: Feminist Perspectives on Economics. Taylor & Francis. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-134-80076-6. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
- ^ "DIRECT FROM LONDON - LONDON, Sept. 26. WOMEN ENGINEERS HOLD CONFERENCE - The Australasian (Melbourne, Vic. : 1864 - 1946) - 19 Oct 1935". Trove. 19 October 1935. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
- ^ "WOMEN OF THE ENGINEERS NS WORKSHOPS - One a Director of a Shipyard—Another a Locomotive Expert - LONDON, September 28. - The Mercury (Hobart, Tas. : 1860 - 1954) - 16 Oct 1935". Trove. 16 October 1935. Retrieved 16 May 2020.