Edward Vivian Scobie (23 May 1918 – 14 November 1996)[1] was a Dominican-born journalist, magazine publisher and historian. He is best known for his research into the history of black people in Western Europe and his 1972 seminal book Black Britannia: A History of Blacks in Britain.
Edward Scobie | |
|---|---|
| Born | Vivian Edward George Dalrymple 23 May 1918 |
| Died | 14 November 1996 (aged 78) New York City, U.S. |
| Other names | Edward Vivian Scobie |
| Education | Dominica Grammar School |
| Occupation(s) | Journalist, magazine publisher and historian |
| Notable work | Black Britannia: A History of Blacks in Britain (1972) |
Early life and career
editScobie was born Vivian Edward George Dalrymple in Roseau, Dominica. He was educated at the Dominica Grammar School. At school, he displayed an aptitude for athletics, eventually representing the national teams in cricket and football. He first went to England during World War II to join the Royal Air Force (RAF), where he served as a pilot in Bomber Command, holding the rank of flight lieutenant.[2][3] After the war, Scobie became a correspondent for the Chicago Defender and other Johnson Publishing Company titles with a largely African-American readership.[4]
In 1948, Scobie published Checkers, calling itself "Britain's Premier Negro Magazine"; the magazine only lasted five issues, folding in January 1949.[5] By 1960, Scobie joined with Charles I. Ross and Patrick Williams to produce monthly magazine Tropic. Published in London, the magazine announced that it intended to be "the voice of 250,000 coloured people in Britain", aligning itself with "coloured people everywhere in their struggle for Independence. In their fight to live with dignity and freedom". In addition to covering politics and current affairs in Britain, Africa and the Caribbean, the magazine published short stories by the likes of Samuel Selvon, Jan Carew and Winston Whyte,[6] and included among its contributors George Lamming and Donald Hinds. Tropic ceased publication at the end of 1960.
In September 1961, Scobie launched Flamingo as editor; a monthly London-based magazine aimed at Black people in Britain and internationally, focusing on glamour, culture, sex advice and international politics, it was one of the first magazines to target Britain's African-Caribbean community. Flamingo was part-funded by the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), through founder Peter Hornsby and publisher Chalton Publishing, who along with the CIA wanted to support left-leaning writers and politicians who would oppose communism. It is unclear if Scobie was aware of this funding.[7] The second issue claimed to have sold 20,000 copies in Britain and 15,000 in America. By 1964, Flamingo political articles had become more serious, and were similar to media releases from the British Foreign Office's semi-secret Information Research Department. Flamingo closed in May 1965.[7][8] In 1968, he was one of the founders of Dominica Freedom Party.[9]
Scobie's first book, Black Britannia: The History of Blacks in Britain published in 1972, brought him "international acclaim".[10] Black Britannia is the first book-length history of African presence in Britain.[11] He was also the author of Global African Presence (1994), and wrote many articles and essays, including for the Journal of African Civilizations.[1] / At the time of his death in 1996, Scobie was Professor Emeritus of History in the Black Studies Department at City College of New York.[10][12]
Legacy
editIn 1998, Scobie was honoured on a commemorative postage stamp, which featured portraits of five notable Dominicans who served in the Royal Air Force (RAF) during World War II, to mark the 80th anniversary of the RAF.[13]
Selected bibliography
edit- Black Britannia: The History of Blacks in Britain (1972), Johnson Press, ISBN 978-0874850567.
- Global African Presence (1994), A & B Books, ISBN 9781881316725.
References
edit- ^ a b Fontaine, Thomson (13 September 2002). "Dr Edward Scobie Authority on the Presence of Africans in Britian [sic]". TheDominican.net. 1 (28). Retrieved 3 April 2022.
- ^ "Dr Edward Scobie: African Presence in Early Britain: Dominica political figure". thedominican.net.
- ^ Martin, S. I. (23 October 2013). "Pilots Of The Caribbean". The Voice.
- ^ "About books and authors". Black World/Negro Digest. Johnson Publishing Company. January 1973. pp. 93–.
- ^ Simon, Andy (18 October 2013). "Black History at the British Library". Untold Lives blog. British Library. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
- ^ Oppenheim, Naomi (29 November 2017). "Winston Whyte's Barber Shop Trial". British Library. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
- ^ a b Doward, Jamie (26 January 2019). "Sex, ska and Malcolm X: MI6's covert 1960s mission to woo West Indians". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
- ^ Hoyles, Asher; Hoyles, Martin (2011). Caribbean Publishing in Britain: A Tribute to Arif Ali. Hansib Publications. ISBN 978-1-906190-42-2.
- ^ Myers, Robert A. (1987). "A Resource Guide to Dominica, 1493-1986". Human Relations Area Files.
- ^ a b Asante, Molefi Kete, ed. (2004). "Elder Scholars, Edward V Scobie". Encyclopedia of Black Studies. SAGE Publications. p. 227. ISBN 9781452265445. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
- ^ Duffield, Ian (2012). "Skilled Workers or Marginalised Poor? the African Population of the United Kingdom, 1812–52". In Killingray, David (ed.). Africans in Britain. Routledge. p. 77. ISBN 9781136300066. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
- ^ Chung, Clairmont (2012). Walter A. Rodney: A Promise of Revolution. NYU Press. pp. 134–. ISBN 978-1-58367-329-4.
- ^ "Edward Scobie Dalrymple". Caribbean aircrew in the RAF during WW2. Retrieved 1 April 2016.