Elaeocarpus costatus is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae that is endemic to Lord Howe Island. It is a tree with lance-shaped to elliptic leaves with wavy-toothed edges, flowers in groups of eight to ten, and blue fruit.
| Elaeocarpus costatus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Habit on Lord Howe Island | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Oxalidales |
| Family: | Elaeocarpaceae |
| Genus: | Elaeocarpus |
| Species: | E. costatus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Elaeocarpus costatus | |
Description
editElaeocarpus costatus is a tree that typically grows to a height of about 8 m (26 ft). Its leaves are arranged alternately, lance-shaped to elliptic, 60–90 mm (2.4–3.5 in) long and 25–30 mm (0.98–1.18 in) wide on a petiole 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) long. The edges of the leaves have wavy teeth, but the teeth are pointed when young. The leaves turn bright red before falling. The flowers are pendent, in groups of between eight and ten in leaf axils, the groups about 30 mm (1.2 in) long. Each flower has five narrow lance-shaped sepals 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in) long and five petals about 8 mm (0.31 in) long with a frilled tip. The many stamens are 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) long. Flowering occurs from mid-February to March and the fruit is a blue, oval drupe about 20 mm (0.79 in) long.[2][3]
Taxonomy
editElaeocarpus costatus was first formally described in 1939 by Mary Ruth Fussel Jackson Taylor in the Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew from specimens collected by James Doran McComish.[4] The specific epithet (costatus) means "ribbed", referring to the ribs on the endocarp of the fruit.[2][5]
The species was illustrated in 1902 by Joseph Maiden in the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales with a diagram of a leaf and fruit.[6][7]
Distribution and habitat
editThis species is endemic to Lord Howe Island, where it is rare. It is found on the southern end of the island, usually in the mountains, including in cloud forest, but occasionally also in the lowlands.[2][3][8]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Elaeocarpus costatus". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ a b c "Elaeocarpus costatus". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ a b Green, Peter Shaw. "Elaeocarpus costatus". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ "Elaeocarpus costatus". APNI. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 168. ISBN 9780958034180.
- ^ Taylor, Mary R.F.J. (1939). "Decades Kewensis. Plantarum novarum in Herbario Horti Regii Conservatarum. Decas CXXXIII". Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew. 4: 178.
- ^ Maiden, Joseph (1902). "On a new Cryptocarya from Lord Howe Island, together with notes on other plants from that island". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 27: 347–348, XV. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ "Gnarled Mossy Cloud Forest on Lord Howe Island - critically endangered ecological community listing". New South Wales Government Department of Planning, Industry and Environment. Retrieved 10 February 2021.