Elijah ben Elkanah Capsali (Hebrew: אליהו בן אלקנה קפשאלי; c. 1485 – after 1550) was a notable rabbi and historian. Capsali, an important historian of Muslim and Ottoman history, has a medieval historical approach, with early modern subject matter.[1][2] Capsali's chronicle may be the first example of a diasporic Jew writing a history of their own location (Venice). [3][4]
Biography
editBorn c. 1485 in Crete, into a distinguished Romaniote family,[5] the Capsalis had served as heads of the Jewish community on several occasions and distinguished themselves in the study of the Torah and Talmud. His father Elkanah Capsali, served as the head of the Cretan Jewish community, and taught Elijah in his early years. In 1508 Elijah went to Padua, to study in the yeshivah of Judah Minz, who soon died after Capsali's arrival. His studies were interrupted by the occupation of Padua by German troops in 1509, after which he moved to Venice. In 1510 Capsali returned to Crete, where he studied under Isaac Mangelheim.[6] In c. 1528 he became the Chief Rabbi of Crete, during which he associated himself with several great scholars of his time such as, Jacob Berab and Joseph Karo. Additionally he wrote several notable historical works, which were praised for their vivid and detailed descriptions of Ottoman Jewry, many of which provide interregnal accounts used by modern historians.[7][8]
Works
editSome of his most famous works are as follows:[7]
- Seder Eliyahu Zuta - a short history of the Ottoman Empire up to his lifetime, with special reference to the Jews.
- Divrei ha-Yamim le-Malkhut Venezia - a contemporary account of Venice and the condition of Venetian Jews.
- No'am Ḥoblim - a contemporary account of the ongoings and lives of the great rabbis of his lifetime.
References
edit- ^ Jacobs, Martin (April 2005). "Exposed to All the Currents of the Mediterranean—A Sixteenth-Century Venetian Rabbi on Muslim History". AJS Review. 29 (1): 33–60. doi:10.1017/s0364009405000024. ISSN 0364-0094. S2CID 162151514.
- ^ Shmuelevitz, Aryeh (August 1978). "Capsali as a Source for Ottoman History, 1450–1523". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 9 (3): 339–344. doi:10.1017/s0020743800033614. ISSN 0020-7438. S2CID 162799564.
- ^ Corazzol, Giacomo (December 2012). "On the sources of Elijah Capsali's Chronicle of the 'Kings' of Venice". Mediterranean Historical Review. 27 (2): 151–160. doi:10.1080/09518967.2012.730796. ISSN 0951-8967. S2CID 154974512.
- ^ Bonfil, Robert (1997). "Jewish Attitudes toward History and Historical Writing in Pre-Modern Times". Jewish History. 11 (1): 7–40. doi:10.1007/BF02335351. ISSN 0334-701X. JSTOR 20101283. S2CID 161957265.
- ^ Baer, Marc David (2020-03-10). Sultanic Saviors and Tolerant Turks: Writing Ottoman Jewish History, Denying the Armenian Genocide. Indiana University Press. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-253-04543-0.
- ^ "Capsali, Elijah". www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
- ^ a b "Elia Capsali | Historians of the Ottoman Empire". ottomanhistorians.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
- ^ "CAPSALI - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2020-05-17.