Elizabeth Estaugh, née Haddon (May 25, 1680 – March 30, 1762) was an American pioneer. She was the founder of Haddon Township and Haddonfield, New Jersey.
Elizabeth Haddon | |
|---|---|
| Born | May 25, 1680 Southwark, London, England |
| Died | March 30, 1762 (aged 81) |
| Burial place | Haddonfield Religious Society of Friends Cemetery 39°53′57″N 75°01′58″W / 39.8991°N 75.0329°W |
| Movement | Religious Society of Friends |
| Spouse |
John Estaugh (m. 1702) |
| Parents |
|
Early life
editElizabeth Haddon was born in Southwark, London, England, May 25, 1680.[1] She was the third child of John Haddon, a blacksmith, and Elizabeth, née Clarke. Her father was a Quaker who faced religious persecution and was convinced by William Penn to move abroad.[2] In 1702, he bought a 500-acre (2 km2) tract of land in Gloucester County in the English colony of West Jersey.[1] However, he was appointed as an officer of the Pennsylvania Land Company and the London Lead Company, so he did not leave England.[2]
Career
edit
Haddon, a single woman, set sail from Southwark to the New World in 1701 without her family at the age of twenty or twenty-one. Her father had a house built for her at Cooper's Creek, Newtown Township. With the help of a widowed friend and two manservants, she developed the Haddonfield plantation.[2]
She had met John Estaugh (1676–1742), a Quaker minister, at Bermondsey years before. Their courtship was described, fancifully, by Lydia Maria Child in The Youthful Emigrant. A True Story of the Early Settlement of New Jersey, first published on May 21, 1845, in the New-York Daily Tribune. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow drew on Child's account in writing Elizabeth, a poem in the third volume of his Tales of a Wayside Inn.[3] They were married on the banks of the Cooper's Creek on December 1, 1702.[4][5][6]
At first, the couple were engaged in establishing themselves and run the land owned by Elizabeth’s father. This would, however, change as time passed on. Haddon and John had no children, but they brought her sister's son, Ebenezer Hopkins, to America from Southwark when he was about five, and raised him as their son and heir. Ebenezer was the son of Benjamin and Sarah (Haddon) Hopkins,[7] and the grandson of William and Katheryn Hopkins. Ebenezer was the progenitor of the Hopkins family of Haddonfield, New Jersey.[8]
In 1713, John and Elizabeth built a three-story brick mansion called New Haddonfield Plantation, where Haddon managed the family property and her husband tended to his missionary journeys; the Brew House she built in 1713 still stands in the backyard.[9] Although the first recorded commercial female brewer in the Colonies was Mary Lisle, who inherited her father's Philadelphia brewpub in 1734, there is reason to believe that across the river in South Jersey, Haddon was running a more-than-average homebrew operation.[10]
She and her husband were active in the Quaker community. She was very close with Elizabeth Woolman, the sister of John Woolman.[2] Elizabeth died at her Haddonfield home at the age of 82 on March 30, 1762. She was buried in an unmarked grave in the Burial Ground of the Haddonfield Monthly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers).[5]
References
edit- ^ a b Ingham, John N. (1983). Biographical Dictionary of American Business Leaders, Volume 1. Greenwood Press. p. 351. ISBN 9780313239076. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Estaugh [née Haddon], Elizabeth (1680–1762), Quaker leader and colonial landowner". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/68161. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 2021-07-05. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ Laurie, Maxine N.; Mappen, Marc, eds. (2004). Encyclopedia of New Jersey. Rutgers University Press. p. 342. ISBN 9780813533254. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ^ "The Genealogical Magazine of New Jersey". The Genealogical Magazine of New Jersey. Vol. III, no. 1. Genealogical Society of New Jersey. July 1927. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ^ a b Burstyn, Joan N. (May 1997). Past and Promise: Lives of New Jersey Women. Syracuse University Press. pp. 21–22. ISBN 9780815604181. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ^ Estaugh, John; Haddon, Eliz (June 1909). "Marriage Certificate of John Estaugh and Elizabeth Haddon, 1702". Bulletin of Friends' Historical Society of Philadelphia. 3 (2): 71–72. doi:10.1353/qkh.1909.a399268. Retrieved 13 September 2023.(subscription required)
- ^ FHL #0811790 Southwark MM Births 1648–1776, p. 225, (Family History Library, Salt Lake City, UT).
- ^ Arthur David Hopkins (23 May 2008). "A Hopkins Family History". Myself and My Family. Archived from the original on 4 July 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ^ "Colonial Women | Elizabeth Haddon" (blog). Women in History. 4 August 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ^ "Was Elizabeth Haddon New Jersey's First Female Brewer?". New Jersey Monthly. 25 March 2019. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
Further reading
edit- Burstyn, Joan N.; Women's Project of New Jersey (1997). Past and promise : lives of New Jersey women. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press. p. 21. ISBN 0-8156-0418-1. OCLC 35222993.
- Dorwart, Jeffery M.; Lyons, Elizabeth A. (2013). Elizabeth Haddon Estaugh, 1680-1762 : building the Quaker community of Haddonfield, New Jersey, 1701-1762. Haddonfield, N.J.: Historical Society of Haddonfield. ISBN 978-0-9723949-1-8. OCLC 874020405.
External links
edit- Collection: Haddon-Estaugh-Hopkins papers. TriCollege Libraries: Archives and Manuscripts, Bryn Mawr, Haverford, Swarthmore.