Emanuel Snowman OBE MVO (25 January 1886 – 27 February 1970)[2] was a British jeweller, local politician and Jewish community leader. He oversaw the opening of the London branch of the Llandudno jewellers Wartski, having married the daughter of its founder, Morris Wartski, and went on to become its chairman.
Early life
editEmanuel Snowman was born in Hampstead, London, the son of Abraham Snowman (1849–1918), a picture dealer, and his wife Rachel, both of whom were born in Poland. His elder brothers were the prominent mohel and medical doctor Jacob Snowman and the painter Isaac Snowman. As a teenager he acted as secretary to Israel Zangwill.[3] In 1898, he spent a year at the agricultural college at Mikve in Palestine[2] where he met Theodor Herzl.[3]
Career
editIn 1911, Snowman managed the opening of the Regent Street, London, branch of his father-in-law's business, up until then only based in Llandudno, Wales.[2] Whilst under the management of Snowman, Wartski received several Royal warrants, and Queen Mary was a regular customer.[2]
Purchases from Russia
editFrom 1925, Snowman made regular visits to Russia.[4] He often travelled with Armand Hammer and they both established good relations with the Soviet authorities, allowing Snowman to obtain many exceptional works of art, including nine imperial Fabergé eggs, intended for resale in London, which he acquired between 1925 and 1938.[4][5] One of these was the 1913 Winter egg, which was the most expensive ever made, and which sold for a world record $9.6 million at Christie's in New York in 2002.[6][7] Snowman's visits to the country continued until 1939.[3]
The Tsarist government before the Russian Revolution had already tried to foster an interest in Russian decorative arts. After the Revolution, the new government faced a pressing need for hard currency and the sale of objects from the Church and the aristocracy was one way to raise funds quickly.[8]
There was some discomfort amongst Russian émigré circles in London about the purchase of items that had previously belonged to Russian aristocrats or the royal family as although property confiscated by the Soviets could be legally sold, as the Soviet Government was internationally recognised, some of the items were identifiably the personal property of living individuals or relatives of the recently deceased.[4]
In 1927, Snowman acquired about 80 items that had been sold in Paris by the Soviets. The Times commented pointedly that the "haul" could "be comfortably stowed away in a Gladstone bag" and that these were "things which the owners would have handled and treasured as personal belongings.[9]
Fabergé Imperial Easter eggs acquired by Emanuel Snowman
edit
Snowman acquired nine Imperial eggs:[4]
- 1895 Rosebud
- 1897 Coronation
- 1898 Lilies of the Valley
- 1900 Cuckoo
- 1905 Colonnade
- 1906 Swan
- 1908 Peacock
- 1911 Orange Tree
- 1913 Winter
Jewish community leader
editSnowman was diligent in his religious duties and was warden of the Hampstead Synagogue, and chairman of the West Hampstead Day School. He was an early supporter of the Habonim Jewish Socialist-Zionist cultural youth movement and provided help to refugees from Nazi Germany.[2] The Times said that "When many voices were silent ... he was an articulate and successful man of action and was directly responsible for the saving of many valuable lives."[3]
Honours
editSnowman was active in local politics: he was a Conservative councillor for the Priory ward on the Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead from 1937 to 1953, moving to Town ward in 1956 until the formation of Camden council in 1964. Snowman was an alderman and, at one time, was mayor of Hampstead.[5] In the 1957 Birthday Honours he was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE), "for public services in Hampstead". Snowman became MVO in 1962. In the 1960s, a block of council flats on Abbey Road, West Hampstead, was named Snowman House in his honour.[10]
Personal life
editSnowman married Harriet Wartski (1891–1985) in 1909, and their son Kenneth Snowman (1919–2002) in turn became chairman of Wartski, as has Kenneth's son, Nicholas Snowman (born 1944). They also had 2 daughters, Flora Joyce Snowman (1911–1996) and Charlotte Snowman (1914–2013).[11]
References
edit- ^ "Henrik Immanuel Wigström (1862-1923) - Colonnade Egg". www.rct.uk.
- ^ a b c d e Rubinstein, William D.; Jolles, Michael A.; Rubinstein, Hilary L. (2011). The Palgrave dictionary of Anglo-Jewish history. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 928. ISBN 978-1403939104.
- ^ a b c d "Obituary: Emanuel Snowman Connoisseur of fine jewels" in The Times, 4 March 1970, p. 12.
- ^ a b c d "Tracing Fabergé treasures after 1918" by Alexander von Solodkoff in Géza von Habsburg and Marina Lopato. (1993) Fabergé: Imperial Jeweller. London: Thames & Hudson, pp. 152–159. ISBN 0500092397
- ^ a b Mullaly, Terence (1 August 2002). "Obituary: Kenneth Snowman". the Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 May 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
- ^ "Mieks Fabergé Eggs". www.wintraecken.nl. Archived from the original on 5 January 2016. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
- ^ "Rothschilds' Faberge Egg Fetches Record $16.5 Million". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 6 May 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
- ^ "Fabergé and America" by Paul Schaffer in Géza von Habsburg and Marina Lopato. (1993) Fabergé: Imperial Jeweller. London: Thames & Hudson, p. 161. ISBN 0500092397
- ^ "Russian Jewels. Royal Treasures Sold by Soviet" in The Times, 26 November 1927, p. 17.
- ^ "History". www.fowhl.org. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
- ^ Lamden, Tim. "Obituary: National hockey player Charlotte Robson had 'great passion' for music". Hampstead Highgate Express. Archived from the original on 27 September 2020. Retrieved 25 September 2020.