In Malaysia, the Emergency Ordinance (Malay: Ordinan Darurat, abbreviated EO) is used and enacted following a Proclamation of Emergency that has been issued by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (as the Malaysian head of state) under Articles 150 of the Constitution.[1]
List of Emergency Ordinance
edit| Emergency ordinance | Promulgated / Issued by | Date of issue | Date of coming into force | Explanation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emergency Ordinance 1966 [P.U.(A)339A/1966] Emergency (Federal Constitution and Constitution of Sarawak) Act, 1966 (Act No. 68 of 1966)[2] |
Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu, 4th Yang di-Pertuan Agong |
14 September 1966 | 20 September 1966 | Expands powers of the Governor. | Repealed[3] |
| Emergency Ordinance 1969 [P.U.(A)145/1969] Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance, 1969 (No. 1)[4] |
12 June 1969 | 16 May 1969 | Allows the supreme head (Yang di-Pertuan Agong) to make any regulation for the maintenance of public order and security, including regulations providing for the punishment of persons, the creation of offences and penalties (including death penalty), control of aliens, and the deprivation of citizenship. | Repealed[3] | |
| Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance 1969 (No. 2)[5] | 17 May 1969 | Transfers executive authority in relation to emergency powers to a Director of Operations, who shall be designated by the Supreme Head. Also provides for a National Operations Council to assist the Director, and State Operations Committees to perform similar functions at the state level. | |||
| Emergency (Public Order and Prevention of Crime) Ordinance, 1969 (No. 5)[6] | 12 June 1969 | Allows persons to be detained for up to 60 days without an order of detention, and to be held up to 2 years upon the order of the competent Minister. Sets forth procedures for representations in relation with this Ordinance. | |||
| Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance of 1969 (No. 6)[7] | 27 June 1969 | Allows the Director of Operations to extend any law or subsidiary legislation without approval of Parliament. | |||
| Emergency Ordinance 1977 [P.U.(A)358/1977] Emergency Powers (Kelantan) Act 1977 |
Yahya Petra of Kelantan, 6th Yang di-Pertuan Agong |
8 November 1977 | Repealed[3] | ||
| Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance 2021 [P.U.(A) 12/2021][8] | Abdullah of Pahang,
16th Yang di-Pertuan Agong |
14 January 2021 | 11 January 2021 |
References
edit- ^ Convicted Before Trial: Indefinite Detention under Malaysia's Emergency Ordinance III, Overview of the Emergency Ordinance
- ^ Emergency (Federal Constitution and Constitution of Sarawak) Act, 1966 (No. 68 of 1966)
- ^ a b c Dewan Rakyat Hansard, 20 December 2011
- ^ Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance, 1969 (No. 1)
- ^ Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance 1969 (No. 2)
- ^ Emergency (Public Order and Prevention of Crime) Ordinance, 1969 (No. 5)
- ^ Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance of 1969 (No. 6)
- ^ http://www.federalgazette.agc.gov.my/outputp/pua_20210114_PUA12.pdf[permanent dead link] [bare URL PDF]