Ernesto Bozzano (January 9, 1862 – June 24, 1943), also known as Signor Bozzano, was an Italian parapsychologist and spiritualist.
Ernesto Bozzano | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | January 9, 1862 |
| Died | June 24, 1943 (aged 81) |
| Occupation(s) | Parapsychologist, writer |
Career
editBozzano was born in Genoa. He did not receive formal education, he was self-taught. He was influenced by the philosophical ideas of Herbert Spencer and took interest in psychical research.[1] He wrote more than 60 books and 200 papers on psychical matters. He became known as a popular sympathizer of spiritism in Italy. He attributed most paranormal phenomena to the survival of the human soul.[2]
Bozzano contributed articles and a preface to Gwendolyn Kelley Hack's Modern Psychic Mysteries, 1929.[3] The book documented séances that Bozzano attended with the medium Marquis Carlo Centurione Scotto during 1927-1928 at Millesimo Castle. He was convinced from the Millesimo sittings that there was genuine spiritualist phenomena.[4] His book Polyglot Mediumship (1932) recorded 35 alleged cases of xenoglossy.[5] He was an early researcher on deathbed phenomena.[6]
Bozzano defended the medium William Stainton Moses from allegations of fraud by Frank Podmore in a paper A Defence of the Memory of William Stainton Moses (The Annals of Psychical Science, 1905).
Reception
editBozzano drew criticism from psychical researchers for being a credulous investigator. In a review of Hack's Psychic Mysteries, investigating officer Theodore Besterman from the Society for Psychical Research wrote that "Bozzano's claims are wholly unfounded, and that the Millesimo sittings have not the slightest vestige of scientific value."[3]
Hans Driesch wrote that Bozzano was an acute theoriser but "unfortunately far too slipshod in accepting alleged facts."[7]
An anonymous review in Nature described Bozzano as "one of the most prolific of Italian writers on psychical research." The reviewer suggested his book Dicarnate Influence in Human Life would not be taken seriously by skeptics but will "certainly be discussed at length by psychical researchers generally."[8]
C. E. M. Joad suggested in a review for Dicarnate Influence in Human Life that Bozzano had been carried away by his "speculative imagination."[9]
Selected publications
edit- Ipotesi Spiritica e Teorie Scientifiche (1903)
- A Defence of the Memory of William Stainton Moses (The Annals of Psychical Science, Vol 1. 1905)
- Animals and Psychic Perceptions (The Annals of Psychical Science, Vol 2. 1905)
- Apparitions of Deceased Persons at Death-Beds (The Annals of Psychical Science, Vol 3. 1906)
- Symbolism and Metaphysical Phenomena. (The Annals of Psychical Science, Vol 6. 1907)
- Per la Difesa dello Spiritismo (1927)
- Gwendolyn Kelley Hack. Modern Psychic Mysteries: Millesimo Castle (London: Rider and Company, preface by Ernesto Bozzano, 1929)
- Animism and Spiritism: A Reply to M. Sudre's Introduction à la Métapsychiquer Humaine. (London: Arthur H. Stockwell, translated by Stanley De Brath, 1932)
- Polyglot Mediumship (Xenoglossy) (London: Rider and Company, translated by Isabel Emerson, 1932)
- Dei Fenomeni di Infestazione (1936)
- Les Phénomènes de Bilocation (1937)
- Discarnate Influence in Human Life: A Review of the Case for Spirit Intervention (London: International Institute for Psychical Research, translated by Isabel Emerson, 1938)[8]
- Popoli Primitivi e Manifestazioni Supernormali (1941)
- Dei Fenomeni di Telestesia (1942)
- Musica Trascendentale (1943)
- Le Visioni dei Morenti (1947)
- Luci nel Futuro (two volumes, 1947)
- La Psiche Domina la Materia (1948)
- La Crisi della Morte nelle Descrizioni dei Defunti Comunicanti (1952)
References
edit- ^ Houran, James. (2004). From Shaman to Scientist: Essays on Humanity's Search for Spirits. The Scarecrow Press. pp. 132-133. ISBN 0-8108-5054-0
- ^ Moreman, Christopher M. (2013). The Spiritualist Movement: Speaking with the Dead in America and Around the World. Praeger. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-313-39947-3
- ^ a b Polidoro, Massimo. (2001). Final Séance: The Strange Friendship Between Houdini and Conan Doyle. Prometheus Books. p. 227. ISBN 1-57392-896-8
- ^ Anonymous. (1930). A "Psychic" Mystery. Fortnightly Review 37 (6): 131.
- ^ Xiong, Jesse Hong. (2010). The Outline of Parapsychology. University Press of America. p. 137. ISBN 978-0-7618-4945-2
- ^ Siegel, R. K., & Hirschman, A. E. (1983). Bozzano and the First Classification of Deathbed Visions: A Historical Note and Translation. Anabiosis 3: 195-201.
- ^ Driesch, Hans. (1933). Psychical Research: The Science of the Super-Normal. London: G. Bell & Sons. p. 34
- ^ a b Anonymous. (1938). Discarnate Influence in Human Life. Nature 142: 376.
- ^ "On Psychical Research". The Spectator.
Further reading
edit- Luca Gasperini. (2012). Ernesto Bozzano: An Italian Spiritualist and Psychical Researcher. Journal of Scientific Exploration 25: 755-773.[unreliable source?]
- Herbert Saltmarsh. (1938). Review of Discarnate Influence in Human Life, by E. Bozzano. Journal of the Society for Psychical Research 30: 277-278.
- U. V. Troubridge. (1919). Review of Dei Fenomeni di Infestazione, by E. Bozzano. Journal of the Society for Psychical Research 19: 107-108.