Ernst Christian Julius Schering

Ernst Christian Julius Schering
Ernst Christian Julius Schering
Born	13 July 1833; Forsthaus Sandbergen near Bleckede, German Confederation
Died	2 November 1897 (aged 64); Göttingen, German Empire
Education	Johanneum Lüneburg, Polytechnische Schule Hannover
Alma mater	Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Known for	editing C.F. Gauss's works, arc measurement
Spouse	Maria Heliodora Malmstén
Children	Harald Schering
	Scientific career
Fields	mathematics, theoretical physics
Thesis	Zur mathematischen Theorie elektrischer Ströme (1857)
Doctoral students	Carl Johannes Thomae, Gottlob Frege, Karl Heun, Robert Haussner, August Tafelmacher

Ernst Christian Julius Schering (13 July 1833 – 2 November 1897) was a German mathematician.

Early life and career

Born in 1833 near Bleckede at the Elbe as the son of a forester, he attended Realschule ("Johanneum") in Lüneburg from 1845 to 1850, where he already showed a certain talent for mathematics. With the intention to engage in architectural engineering, he attended the Polytechnicum in Hannover from 1850 to 1852.

At the University of Göttingen

Following a fondness of mathematics and physics, in 1852, at the age of 19, he moved on to study in Göttingen, attending classes by Gauß, Weber, Dirichlet, Stern and Riemann. In 1857, he received a doctoral degree for his award-winning manuscript "Zur mathematischen Theorie electrischer Ströme" ("On the mathematical theory of electric currents"). In 1858, he habilitated based on his work "Über die conforme Abbildung des Ellipsoids auf der Ebene" ("On the conformal mapping of the ellipsoid on the plane").

After turning down a call to Gießen in 1860, he was appointed associate professor, and he became a member of the Königliche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities) in 1862. From 1860 onwards he was also appointed by the Göttingen Academy to edit the works of Gauß, of which he eventually completed six volumes.

During the 1860s he was appointed by the hanoverian government as a member of a commission for the European arc measurement. In 1868, management of the Göttingen Observatory was divided into two divisions, one for practical astronomy and one for theoretical astronomy, geodesy and mathematical physics, of which Schering took over the former division from Wilhelm Klinkerfues and was appointed full professor. Among other observations, he was particularly busy with magnetic observations in connection with the polar expeditions in 1882/1883.

Family

His younger brother Karl Schering also studied physics and mathematics in Göttingen. He later became professor of mathematics at the University of Strasbourg and subsequently professor of physics at the Technical University of Darmstadt. His wife, Maria Heliodora, whom he married in 1876, was the daughter of the Swedish mathematician Carl Johan Malmsten. They had one daughter and two sons, one of which, physicist Harald Schering, would later become professor of electrical engineering at the Technische Hochschule Hannover.

Selected publications

Schering, Ernst (1857), Zur mathematischen Theorie electrischer Ströme: Beweis der allgemeinen Lehrsätze der Electrodynamik insbesondere der Inductionslehre aus dem electrischen Grundgesetze (Dissertation), Göttingen: Kästner
Schering, Ernst (1858), "Zur mathematischen Theorie elektrischer Ströme", Annalen der Physik, 180 (6): 266–279, Bibcode:1858AnP...180..266S, doi:10.1002/andp.18581800604
Schering, Ernst (1858), Ueber die conforme Abbildung des Ellipsoids auf der Ebene: Eine von der philosophischen Facultät der Georgia Augusta am 4. Juni 1858 gekrönte Preisschrift (Habilitation), Göttingen: Dieterich
Schering, Ernst (1873), "Hamilton-Jacobische Theorie für Kräfte, deren Maass von der Bewegung der Körper abhängt", Nachrichten von der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und der Georg-Augusts-Universität zu Göttingen, 26: 744–753
Schering, Ernst (1874), Verallgemeinerung der Poisson-Jacobischen Störungsformeln, Abhandlungen der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in Göttingen, Göttingen: Dieterich
Schering, Ernst (1877), Carl Friedrich Gauss' Geburtstag nach hundertjähriger Wiederkehr, Göttingen: Dieterich
Schering, Ernst (1884), "Zur Lösung der Keppler'schen Gleichung", Astronomische Nachrichten, 109 (13): 193–200, Bibcode:1884AN....109..193S, doi:10.1002/asna.18841091302
Haussner, Robert; Schering, Karl, eds. (1902), Gesammelte mathematische Werke von Ernst Schering, Berlin: Mayer & Müller

External links

Ernst Christian Julius Schering at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
Literature by and about Ernst Christian Julius Schering in the German National Library catalogue