Eucalyptus microcarpa, commonly known as grey box,[3] is a species of tree that is endemic to southeastern continental Australia. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on the trunk, smooth whitish bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and oval, cylindrical or urn-shaped fruit.
| Grey box | |
|---|---|
| |
| Eucalyptus microcarpa near Dookie | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Myrtaceae |
| Genus: | Eucalyptus |
| Species: | E. microcarpa
|
| Binomial name | |
| Eucalyptus microcarpa | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Description
editEucalyptus microcarpa is a spreading tree, sometimes with several trunks, that typically grows to a height of 25 m (82 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on the trunk as far as the larger branches, smooth greyish or whitish bark above. Young plants and coppice regrowth have dull green to bluish leaves 60–150 mm (2.4–5.9 in) long and 40–55 mm (1.6–2.2 in) wide and petiolate. Adult leaves are the same shade of green on both sides, lance-shaped, 60–150 mm (2.4–5.9 in) long and 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in) wide on a petiole 5–20 mm (0.20–0.79 in) long. The flower buds are arranged on a branched peduncle, in groups of between seven and eleven, the peduncle 3–10 mm (0.12–0.39 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 1–4 mm (0.039–0.157 in) long. Mature buds are oval to spindle-shaped or diamond-shaped, 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in) long and 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) wide with a conical to beaked operculum. Flowering occurs between February and June and the flowers are white or cream coloured. The fruit is a woody cup-shaped, cylindrical or barrel-shaped capsule 3–9 mm (0.12–0.35 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) wide with the valved near rim level or below it.[3][4][5][6][7]
Taxonomy
editGrey box was first formally described in 1902 by Joseph Maiden who gave it the name Eucalyptus hemiphloia var. microcarpa in the Transactions, proceedings and report, Royal Society of South Australia.[8][9] (Eucalyptus hemiphloia had previously been described by Ferdinand von Mueller, but that name is now accepted as a synonym of Eucalyptus moluccana.[10]) In 1923, Maiden raised the variety to species status as E. microcarpa.[11][12] The specific epithet (microcarpa) means "small-fruited".[13]
Distribution and habitat
editEucalyptus microcarpa occurs in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. In New South Wales and Victoria it occurs mostly inland from the Great Dividing Range and on the Victorian Volcanic Plain from the Wimmera in the west, to south of Benalla. The northern-most population is found in south-eastern Queensland, as far north as Bollon and Charleville. It is associated with grassy woodland and loamy soils.[3][6][14]
Conservation status
editThis eucalypt is a component of the grey box (E. microcarpa) grassy woodlands and derived native grasslands of south- eastern Australia that is listed as "endangered" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.[14][15]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Fensham, R.; Laffineur, B.; Collingwood, T. (2019). "Eucalyptus microcarpa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T133381009A133381011. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133381009A133381011.en. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ a b "Eucalyptus microcarpa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ a b c Hill, Ken. "Eucalyptus microcarpa". Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ "Eucalyptus microcarpa". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
- ^ Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus microcarpa". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ a b Brooker, M. Ian H.; Slee, Andrew V. "Eucalyptus microcarpa". Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ Holliday, Ivan G. (1980). A gardener's guide to eucalypts. Adelaide: Rigby. ISBN 0727012576.
- ^ "Eucalyptus hemiphloia var. microcarpa". APNI. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ Maiden, Joseph (1902). "On Eucalyptus behriana, F. v. M." Transactions, Proceedings and Report, Royal Society of South Australia. 26 (1): 11. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ "Eucalyptus moluccana". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ "Eucalyptus microcarpa". APNI. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ Maiden, Joseph (1923). A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus. Sydney: New South Wales Government Printer. pp. 438–439. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 252. ISBN 9780958034180.
- ^ a b "Approved Conservation Advice for the Grey Box (Eucalyptus microcarpa) Grassy Woodlands and Derived Native Grasslands of South-east Australia" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
- ^ "Grey Box (Eucalyptus microcarpa) Grassy Woodlands and Derived Native Grasslands of South-Eastern Australia" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
