Euphorbia condylocarpa

Euphorbia condylocarpa is a plant species in the genus Euphorbia.

Euphorbia condylocarpa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species:
E. condylocarpa
Binomial name
Euphorbia condylocarpa

Description

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Medium (10–35 cm) hairless perennial, leaves strongly eared at the base, obtuse to subacute at the tip, margins serrate or toothless, stalks 0 or short. The capsules are relatively large (4–5.5(6) mm) rather spherical with low wide warts on the three lobes. Seeds 3-3.5 mm, smooth, dark brown, with yellowish 0.5 mm appendage. Mar-Jun (Turkey) Apr-May (Iran). The eastern forms have rather dense heads of flowers and more discernably-toothed leaves, but the Turkish forms are more open and effusely flowered with obscure leaf teeth and were originally distinguished as E. cardiophylla Boiss. & Heldr. but now merged into E. condylocarpa. ([2] mostly, and [3] &.[4])

Similar species include E. apios (leaves uneared), E. dimorphocaulon (flowering stems autumn, c. leafless, vegetative stems spring), E. platyphyllos (annual to 1m, often hairy, fruit 2.5–3 mm).[3]

Habitat

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Turkey: Open Pinus forest, Abies cilicica forest, Quercus scrub, rocky slopes, screes, steppe, field margins, 20–2100 m.[3]

Iran: Mountain slopes, oak forests, meadows, rocky slopes and steppe forests on limestone, at 1500–2500 m.[2]

Range

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Iran, Iraq, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Turkey (PoWo Map).

Phytochemistry

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The plant contains the flavonol trifolin.[5]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Euphorbia condylocarpa on eol.org
  2. ^ a b "Synopsis of Euphorbia subgen. Esula sect. Helioscopia (Euphorbiaceae) in Iran with the description of Euphorbia mazandaranica sp. nov" (PDF).
  3. ^ a b c Davis. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol. 7.
  4. ^ E. Boissier. Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium Novarum no. 12, p. 107.
  5. ^ Trifolin from Euphorbia condylocarpa. Yu. V. Roshchin, Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Volume 13, Number 4, pages 481-482, doi:10.1007/BF00565849