Evelyn Hatch (1871 or 1874 – 1951) was an English child friend of the adult Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, better known by his pen name of Lewis Carroll. She was the subject of photographs by Dodgson and is often part of the contemporary discussion about Dodgson's relationship with young female children. She also acted as editor for a book of Dodgson's letters after his death called A Selection From The Letters Of Lewis Carroll To His Child-Friends.
Evelyn Hatch | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Evelyn Hatch as a gypsy, photographed by Charles Lutwidge Dodgson | |
| Born | Evelyn Maud Hatch 1871 |
| Died | 1951 (aged 79–80) |
| Known for | Association with Lewis Carroll |
| Parent(s) | Evelyn and Edwin Hatch |
| Relatives | Beatrice Hatch (sister) Ethel Hatch (sister) |
Biography
editEarly life
editEvelyn Maud Hatch was born in 1871 or 1874 to Edwin and Bessie Hatch.[1] She was baptized on 22 March 1874.[2] Edwin Hatch was a theologian; author; a vice-principal of St. Mary Hall, Oxford; and later a university reader in Ecclesiastical history.[3] Evelyn had two sisters, Beatrice and Ethel Charlotte. She also had a brother named Arthur Herbert Hatch (b. 1864), who was House Prefect at his school, Malvern College.[4] The Hatch family moved in "stimulating circles", including friendships with Edward Burne-Jones, Algernon Charles Swinburne and William Morris.[5]
The family lived in a Gothic-style house built in 1867 on Banbury Road in Norham Gardens, North Oxford, England. The house was described as having "arched windows, a tower, and a turret complete with a statue niche towards the top." Neighborhood friends included Julia and Ethel Huxley, daughters of Thomas Henry Huxley and the aunts of Aldous Huxley. Other acquaintances in the neighborhood who visited the Hatch family included Bonamy Price, Mark Pattison, and Benjamin Jowett.[6]
Evelyn attended the Oxford High School, Oxford for girls, where she participated in extracurricular activities, including acting. In 1879, Evelyn acted in the school's production of A Midsummer Night's Dream, playing Cobweb, a fairie.[7]
Relationship with Dodgson
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Evelyn, along with her sisters, was introduced to Dodgson through mutual acquaintances. Dodgson cultivated "the friendship of many little girls", often photographing them.[8] Dodgson's friendships with these children focused on upper-middle-class families, making sure "he did not seek very low-class children as friends." Evelyn's family were of an upper middle class station and they became friends with Dodgson.[9]
Both Evelyn and her older sister Beatrice were muses of Dodgson who were each photographed clothed and nude. Their mother had given permission to Dodgson to photograph the girls and Dodgson was considered a family friend. Beatrice, rather than Evelyn, was considered the "long term favorite of Dodgson."[10] Dodgson's friendship with Evelyn continued for a number of years, however, lasting until his death when Evelyn was in adulthood. The photograph to the left was taken by Dodgson and is of Evelyn at age 8.[11]
Dodgson journaled about dreams he had of Evelyn, which author Kym Brindle dissects in her book Epistolary Encounters in Neo-Victorian Fiction: Diaries and Letters.[12] He also gave Evelyn many gifts, including cards, a wind-up bear, fourteen musical boxes, trips to the theatre and other outings. It was not uncommon for Dodgson to take Evelyn on trips or other outings that lasted overnight or for a weekend.[1]
Adult life
editAfter their father died in 1889, Evelyn and her sisters were granted a pension from the government for his service.[13]
In 1897, Evelyn acted as a bridesmaid to Dorothy Maud Mary Kitchin, daughter of the Rev. George Kitchin and sister of Alexandra Kitchin. Dorothy married the Rev. John Lionel Shirley Dampier Bennett, M.A. at the Durham Cathedral on 7 October 1897.[14]
In 1927, Evelyn released a book she had written titled Burgundy: Past and Present, a historical tour of the Burgundy region of France, with the account being lauded as "readable, erudite, authoritative" and mentioned for covering out of the way places.[15][16]
After Dodgson's death and in her adulthood, Evelyn edited a book of Dodgson's letters called A Selection From The Letters Of Lewis Carroll To His Child-Friends. She also included notes throughout and an introduction.[17] The New York Times also listed Hatch and her sister Beatrice in attendance at an event that the Carroll Foundation put on called "Alice 125".[18]
Retrospective analysis
editThe reclining photograph of Evelyn was included in Britain's Tate Gallery 2014 show called Exposed: The Victorian Nude.[19]
In R. Nichole Rougeau's 2005 dissertation, she writes of the gypsy photograph of Evelyn (upper right):
"Evelyn symbolizes a form of the Blakean child, not really existing in the society depicted by the gypsy camp in the upper right of the photograph. Instead she is a part of the landscape, leaning against what could be interpreted as the tree of knowledge. She seeks knowledge about her sexuality and her eventual move away from the water of her youth to the society of the camp behind her. In calling her a “gypsy” Carroll infers the child is in a perpetual state of movement, belonging neither to society nor completely to nature. He blurs her nipples and has her cross her legs again to hide genitalia and to suggest he is not commenting on the child's reproductive ability, but her innocent sexuality. In picturing her this way, he strips her of her naturalness. She is not a true child, but a fictional one, Carroll's ideal, the woman child who will never have sex."[20]
References
edit- ^ a b "Lewis Carroll and the Hatch sisters". The Free Library. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
- ^ "Oxfordshire, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1915 for Evelyn Maud Hatch". www.ancestry.com. Retrieved 2021-10-25.
- ^ Hewson, Barbara (15 July 2008). "A naked return for puritanism". Sp!ked. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
- ^ The Malvern Register, 1865-1904. Malvern Advertiser. 1905. p. 162. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ^ Notes and Queries: A Medium of Intercommunication for Literary Men, General Readers Etc. Oxford University Press. 1902. p. 30.
- ^ "A House in Norham Gardens, North Oxford: The Original Occupants". The Victorian Web. Archived from the original on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
- ^ The Oxford High School Magazine. Oxford city, high sch. for girls. 1879. p. 333.
- ^ Mclean, Iain (1995). Classics of Social Choice. University of Michigan Press. p. 52. ISBN 9780472104505.
- ^ Wakeling, Edward (2010). The Mystery of Lewis Carroll: Discovering the Whimsical, Thoughtful, and Sometimes Lonely Man Who Created "Alice in Wonderland". Macmillan. p. 136. ISBN 9781429968393.
- ^ Gertz, Stephen J. (3 August 2011). "Unrecorded Lewis Carroll Photos of His Young Girl Friends Discovered". Book Tryst. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
- ^ Students’ Academy. Victorian Novelists Series-Four-Lewis Carroll. Lulu.com. p. 43. ISBN 9781257022205.
- ^ Brindle, Kym (2014). Epistolary Encounters in Neo-Victorian Fiction: Diaries and Letters. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137007179.
- ^ Papers by Command, Volume 37. Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. 1901. p. 27.
- ^ "Marriage of Miss Kitchin". Hartlepool Mail. 8 Oct 1897. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
- ^ "Burgundy - Grave and Gay". Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer. 25 Jan 1928. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
- ^ "The Charms of Burgundy". Western Morning News. 19 Dec 1927. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
- ^ Waltz, Robert B. (31 October 2013). Alice's Evidence: A New Look at Autism. p. 122. Retrieved 11 September 2014.
- ^ "Knight Letter No. 73". Archive. The Lewis Carroll Society of North America. March 2004. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
- ^ James, Victoria. "The picture of innocence?". Japan Times. Retrieved 11 September 2014.
- ^ Rougeau, R. Nichole (2005). Alice's Shadow: Childhood and Agency in Lewis Carroll's Photography, Illustrations, and Alice Texts (PDF). Louisiana State University. p. 78. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2015.