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An evil twin is a fraudulent Wi-Fi access point that appears to be legitimate but is set up to eavesdrop on wireless communications.[1] The evil twin is the wireless LAN equivalent of the phishing scam.
This type of attack may be used to steal the passwords of unsuspecting users, either by monitoring their connections or by phishing, which involves setting up a fraudulent web site and luring people there.[2]
Method
editThe attacker snoops on Internet traffic using a bogus wireless access point. Unwitting web users may be invited to log into the attacker's server, prompting them to enter sensitive information such as usernames and passwords. Often, users are unaware they have been duped until well after the incident has occurred.
When users log into unsecured (non-HTTPS) bank or e-mail accounts, the attacker intercepts the transaction, since it is sent through their equipment. The attacker is also able to connect to other networks associated with the users' credentials.
Fake access points are set up by configuring a wireless card to act as an access point (known as HostAP). They are hard to trace since they can be shut off instantly. The counterfeit access point may be given the same SSID and BSSID as a nearby Wi-Fi network. The evil twin can be configured to pass Internet traffic through to the legitimate access point while monitoring the victim's connection,[3] or it can simply say the system is temporarily unavailable after obtaining a username and password.[4][5][6][7]
Using captive portals
editOne of the most commonly used attacks under evil twins is a captive portal. At first, the attacker would create a fake wireless access point that has a similar Essid to the legitimate access point. The attacker then might execute a denial-of-service attack on the legitimate access point which will cause it to go offline. From then on, clients would connect to the fake access point automatically. The clients would then be led to a web portal that will be requesting them to enter their password, which can then be misused by the attackers.
Example
editIn July 2024 a man was charged by Australian Federal Police with running a fake WiFi network to steal credentials of passengers on at least one commercial flight.[8] An airline had reported that employees had concerns about a suspicious WiFi network identified during a domestic flight.[8]
See also
edit- KARMA attack, a variant on the evil twin attack
- Snarfing
- Wireless LAN Security
References
edit- ^ Smith, Andrew D. (9 May 2007). "Strange Wi-Fi spots may harbor hackers: ID thieves may lurk behind a hot spot with a friendly name". The Dallas Morning News. Washington, DC: Knight Ridder Tribune Business News. p. 1. Retrieved 6 June 2007.
- ^ Wolfe, Daniel (February 14, 2007). "Security Watch". American Banker. Vol. 172, no. 31. New York, NY. p. 7. ISSN 0002-7561. ProQuest 249873579.
A security firm used an evil twin as a test to obtain passwords from attendees at an RSA security conference
- ^ "Evil Twin with internet access via legitimate access point : Proof of concept". kalitutorials.net.
- ^ Crossman, Craig (24 August 2005). "Computer Column". Washington, DC: Knight Ridder Tribune Business News.
- ^ Kirk, Jeremy (April 25, 2007). "′Evil Twin′ Hotspots Proliferate". Network World. IDG News Service.
- ^ "'Evil twin' threat to Wi-Fi users". CNN. January 20, 2005.
- ^ Biba, Erinwork (March 15, 2005). "Does Your Wi-Fi Hotspot Have an Evil Twin?". PC World. Archived from the original on August 20, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2010.
- ^ a b Sharwood, Simon (2024-07-01). "Police allege 'evil twin' of in-flight Wi-Fi used to steal passenger's credentials". The Register. Retrieved 2024-07-02.
External links
edit
- "Jasager – Karma on The Fon". digininja.org. Rogue AP software.
- "Wifiphisher a tool for Evil Twin Attack". 29 May 2019.