Family tree of Terengganuan monarchs

Few traces remain as to the identity of Terengganu's early rulers. Whats is known is that a trading port was established from as early as the 13th century. Terengganu Inscription Stone attests to the 14th century's first muslim ruler of the state, Raja Mandalika, from the Telanai dynasty.^[1] In the late 15th century, the Telanai dynasty came to an end when a Pahang Hulubalang, Sri Akar Diraja, killed Tun Telanai for offending Sultan Ahmad of Pahang.^[2] It is believed that Terengganu was later ruled by Sri Akar Diraja's family, before they were eventually replaced by the Megat family.^[3]

From 15th century to 18th century, Terengganu continued to pay allegiance to Sultans of Melaka, Pahang and then Johor.^[4] Towards the end of the 17th century, Bendahara of Johor, Tun Habib Abdul Majid ordered three Johor noblemen to take over administration of the state from the Megat family.^[5] Johor continued to appoint rulers of Terengganu until 1708, when a son of Tun Habib, Tun Zainal Abidin was installed as Ruler of Terengganu.^[6] The following is family tree of the Malay monarchs of Terengganu, from the establishment of the sultanate in 1708 until present day.

House of Bendahara-Terengganu

House of Bendahara

Zainal
Abidin I^[7]
⁽¹⁾
r. 1708-1733

Mansur I
⁽²⁾
r. 1733-1794

Zainal
Abidin II
⁽³⁾
r. 1794-1808

Tengku
Muhammad
Kelantan
r. 1794-1800

Ahmad I
⁽⁴⁾
r. 1808-1830

Abdul
Rahman
⁽⁵⁾
r. 1830

Mansur II
⁽⁷⁾
r. 1831-1837

Daud
⁽⁶⁾
r. 1831

Omar
⁽⁹⁾
r. 1831
r. 1839-1876

Tengku Mahmud

Muhammad I
⁽⁸⁾
r. 1837-1839

Ahmad II
⁽¹⁰⁾
r. 1876-1881

Zainal
Abidin III
⁽¹¹⁾
r. 1881-1918

Muhammad II
⁽¹²⁾
r. 1918-1920

Sulaiman
Badrul Alam
⁽¹³⁾
r. 1920-1942

Ismail Nasiruddin
⁽¹⁵⁾
r. 1945-1979
YDP Agong IV
r. 1965-1970

Ali
⁽¹⁴⁾
r. 1942-1945

Mahmud
⁽¹⁶⁾
r. 1979-1998

Mizan
Zainal Abidin^[8]
⁽¹⁷⁾
r. 1998-present
YDP Agong XIII
r. 2006-2011

Tengku Muhammad Ismail
Yang di-Pertuan
Muda Terengganu

Bibliography

Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid (2011), The Encyclopedia of Malaysia, vol. 16 - The Rulers of Malaysia, Editions Didier Millet, ISBN 978-981-3018-54-9
Linehan, William (1973), History of Pahang, Malaysian Branch Of The Royal Asiatic Society, Kuala Lumpur, ISBN 978-0710-101-37-2

[1] Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011, p. 89

[2] Linehan 1973, p. 14

[3] Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011, p. 89

[4] Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011, p. 90

[5] Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011, p. 90

[6] Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011, p. 90

[7] Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011, p. 89

[8] Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid 2011, p. 89

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