Felipe Quispe Huanca "Mallku" (Quechua language: "condor"[1]), (22 August 1942 – 19 January 2021) was a Bolivian historian and political leader. He headed the Pachakuti Indigenous Movement (MIP) and was general secretary of the United Union Confederation of Working Peasants of Bolivia (CSUTCB).[2]
Felipe Quispe | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz | |
| In office 6 August 2002 – 1 June 2004 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Felipe Quispe Huanca 22 August 1942 Achacachi, La Paz, Bolivia |
| Died | 19 January 2021 (aged 78) El Alto, La Paz, Bolivia |
| Political party | Jallalla La Paz (2021) Pachakuti Indigenous Movement (2002–2005) |
| Education | Higher University of San Andrés |
Biography
editQuispe founded the Tupak Katari Indian Movement in 1979 and the Tupak Katari Guerrilla Army in 1990. His honorific name, Mallku, refers to the spirit of the mountains that surround and protect the People, and therefore is the source of life. "Mallku" means "peak" both in geography and in hierarchy.[3]
In 1984, he was one of the leading organisers of the Tupac Katari Guerrilla Army, a failed armed insurrection against the government. Quispe was arrested for his involvement in the movement on August 19, 1992. Quispe has worked for the establishment of a Tawantinsuyu republic — which would take the name "Collasuyu" — in the Aymara-majority regions of Bolivia.
Quispe was a staunch opponent of the neoliberal Washington consensus, and was also strongly against U.S.-led schemes toward coca eradication, which he sees as destroying a critical part of Aymara culture. He was involved heavily in the Bolivian Gas War.
Quispe ran a failed campaign in the 2005 presidential elections, which saw the victory of indigenous Evo Morales, leader of MAS (Movimiento al socialismo). Quispe was a vocal critic of Morales' government, characterising it as representing "neoliberalism with an Indian face".[4]
Quispe died on 19 January 2021 in El Alto from cardiac arrest.[5]
References
edit- ^ Noam Chomsky, Lois Meyer, and Benjamin Maldonado Alvarado (2010). New World of Indigenous Resistance. City Light Publishers. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-87286-533-4.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Teo Ballve and Vijay Prashad. Dispatches from Latin America. LeftWord Books. p. 158. ISBN 81-87496-58-4.
- ^ New world of indigenous resistance : Noam Chomsky and voices from North, South, and Central America. Meyer, Lois., Maldonado Alvarado, Benjamín. San Francisco: City Lights Books. 2010. ISBN 978-0-87286-533-4. OCLC 456178314.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Farthing & Kohl 2014, p. 148.
- ^ "Fallece Felipe Quispe, "El Mallku"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 January 2021.
Bibliography
edit- Farthing, Linda C.; Kohl, Benjamin H. (2014). Evo's Bolivia: Continuity and Change. Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0292758681.
External links
edit- El Mallku Speaks: Indigenous Autonomy & Coca - The Narco News Interview with Felipe Quispe
- In Defense of Life and Democracy
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