The following units of the British, French[1] and German[2][3] Empires fought in the First Battle of the Marne from 5–12 September 1914 on the Western Front of World War I.
Comparative relevant military ranks
editBritish Expeditionary Force
editCommander-in-Chief of the BEF: Field-Marshal Sir John French
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- Chief of Staff: Lieutenant-General Sir Archibald Murray
- Deputy Chief of Staff: Major-General Sir Henry Wilson
- Adjutant-General: Major-General Sir Nevil Macready
- Quartermaster-General: Major-General Sir William Robertson
- Deputy Adjutant-General: Major-General E. R. C. Graham
- Commander, Royal Artillery: Major-General W. F. L. Lindsay
- Commander, Royal Engineers: Brigadier-General G. H. Fowke
- Assistant Adjutant-General: Colonel A. E. J. Cavendish
- Assistant Quartermaster-General: Colonel C. T. Dawkins
- Operations Officer: Colonel G. M. Harper
- Intelligence Officer: Colonel G. M. W. Macdonogh
I Corps
editLieutenant-General Sir Douglas Haig[a]
Chief of Staff: Brigadier-General J. E. Gough
Commander, Royal Artillery: Brigadier-General H. S. Horne
Commander, Royal Engineers: Brigadier-General S. R. Rice
- 1st Division
- Major-General S. H. Lomax
- 1st (Guards) Brigade (Brigadier-General F. I. Maxse)
- 2nd Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General E. S. Bulfin)
- 3rd Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General H. J. S. Landon)
- Artillery (Brigadier-General N. D. Findlay)
- XXV Brigade RFA
- XXVI Brigade RFA
- XXXIX Brigade RFA
- XLIII (Howitzer) Brigade RFA
- 26th Heavy Battery, RGA
- A Squadron, 15th (The King's) Hussars
- 23rd Field Company, RE
- 26th Field Company, RE
- 2nd Division
- Major-General C. C. Monro
- 4th (Guards) Brigade (Brigadier-General Robert Scott-Kerr)
- 2nd Grenadier Guards
- 2nd Coldstream Guards
- 3rd Coldstream Guards
- 1st Irish Guards
- 5th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General Richard Haking)
- 6th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General R. H. Davies)
- Artillery (Brigadier-General E. M. Perceval)
- XXXIV Brigade RFA
- XXXVI Brigade RFA
- XLI Brigade RFA
- XLIV (Howitzer) Brigade RFA
- 35th Heavy Battery, RGA
- B Squadron, 15th (The King's) Hussars
- 5th Field Company, RE
- 11th Field Company, RE
- 4th (Guards) Brigade (Brigadier-General Robert Scott-Kerr)
II Corps
editLieutenant-General Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien[b]
Chief of Staff: Brigadier-General George Forestier-Walker
Commander, Royal Artillery: Brigadier-General A. H. Short
Commander, Royal Engineers: Brigadier-General A. E. Sandbach
- 3rd Division
- Major-General Hubert I. W. Hamilton
- 7th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General F. W. N. McCracken)
- 8th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General B. J. C. Doran)
- 9th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General F. C. Shaw)
- Artillery (Brigadier-General F. D. V. Wing)
- XXIII Brigade RFA
- XL Brigade RFA
- XLII Brigade RFA
- XXX (Howitzer) Brigade RFA
- 48th Heavy Battery, RGA
- C Squadron, 15th (The King's) Hussars
- 56th Field Company, RE
- 57th Field Company, RE
- 5th Division
- Major-General Sir Charles Fergusson
- 13th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General G. J. Cuthbert)
- 14th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General S. P. Rolt)
- 15th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General A. E. W. Count Gleichen)
- Artillery (Brigadier-General J. E. W. Headlam)
- XV Brigade RFA
- XXVII Brigade RFA
- XXVIII Brigade RFA
- VIII (Howitzer) Brigade RFA
- 108th Heavy Battery, RGA
- A Squadron, 19th (Queen Alexandra's Own Royal) Hussars
- 17th Field Company, RE
- 59th Field Company, RE
III Corps
editMajor-General W. P. Pulteney
Chief of Staff: Brigadier-General J. P. Du Cane
Commander, Royal Artillery: Brigadier-General E. J. Phipps-Hornby
Commander, Royal Engineers: Brigadier-General F. M. Glubb
- 4th Division
- Major-General T. D'O. Snow
- 10th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General J. A. L. Haldane)
- 11th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General A. G. Hunter-Weston)
- 12th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier-General H. F. M. Wilson)
- Artillery (Brigadier-General G. F. Milne)
- XIV Brigade RFA
- XXIX Brigade RFA
- XXXII Brigade RFA
- XXXVII (Howitzer) Brigade RFA
- 31st Heavy Battery, RGA
- B Squadron, 19th (Queen Alexandra's Own Royal) Hussars
- 7th Field Company, RE
- 9th Field Company, RE
- 19th Infantry Brigade (Major-General L. G. Drummond)
1st Cavalry Division
editMajor-General Edmund Allenby[c]
- 1st Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier-General C. J. Briggs)
- 2nd Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier-General H. de Lisle)
- 3rd Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier-General Hubert Gough)
- 4th Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier-General Hon. C. E. Bingham)
- Horse Artillery (Brigadier-General B. F. Drake)
- 1st Field Squadron, RE
Army Troops
edit- 1st The Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders
- 1st The Devonshire Regiment
- A Squadron, North Irish Horse
- B Squadron, North Irish Horse
- B Squadron, South Irish Horse
- 5th Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier-General Sir Philip Chetwode)
- 2nd Dragoons (Royal Scots Greys)
- 12th (Prince of Wales's Royal) Lancers
- 20th Hussars
- J Battery, RHA
- 4th Field Squadron, RE
- Royal Garrison Artillery
- No. 1 Siege Battery
- No. 2 Siege Battery
- No. 3 Siege Battery
- No. 4 Siege Battery
- No. 5 Siege Battery
- No. 6 Siege Battery
- Royal Flying Corps (Brigadier-General Sir David Henderson)
- 2nd Aeroplane Squadron (Major C. J. Burke)
- 3rd Aeroplane Squadron (Major John Salmond)
- 4th Aeroplane Squadron (Major G. H. Rayleig)
- 5th Aeroplane Squadron
- 6th Aeroplane Squadron (Major John Becke)
French Armies
edit
Général d’Armée Louis Franchet d'Espèrey
- I Corps
- Général de Corps d’Armée Henry Victor Deligny
- 1st Infantry Division (Général de Division Marie Alexandre Gallet)
- 2nd Infantry D9ivision (Général de Division Henry Victor Deligny thru 8 Sep, then Colonel Noël Garnier-Duplessix)
- III Corps
- Général de Corps d’Armée Emile H. Hache
- 5th Infantry Division (Général de Brigade Charles Mangin)
- 6th Infantry Division (Général de Brigade Philippe Pétain[d])
- 37th Infantry Division (Général de Division Louis Comby)
- X Corps
- Général de Corps d’Armée Gilbert Defforges
- 19th Infantry Division (Général de Division Henry Bailly)
- 20th Infantry Division (Général de Division Martial Adolphe Rogerie)
- 51st Reserve Division (Général de Division René Boutegourd)
- XVIII Corps
- Général de Corps d’Armée Louis de Maud'huy
- 35th Infantry Division (Général Francois Marjoulet)
- 36th Infantry Division (Général Théophile Jouannic)
- 38th Infantry Division (Général de Division Paul Muteau)
- IV Reserve Division Group
- Général de Division Mardochée Valabrègue
- 53rd Infantry Division (Général de Division Georges Perruchon, Général Journée)
- 69th Infantry Division (Général de Division Henri Le Gros)
- Conneau Cavalry Corps
- Général de Corps d’Armée Louis Conneau
- 4th Cavalry Division (General Pierre Abonneau)
- 8th Cavalry Division (Général de Brigade Albert Baratier)
- 10th Cavalry Division (Général de Brigade Camille Barthélémy Grellet)
Général d’Armée Joseph Maunoury
Military Governor of Paris: Général d’Armée Joseph Gallieni
Chief of Staff: Général Guillemin
- IV Corps
- Général de Corps d’Armée Victor R. Boelle
- 7th Infantry Division (Général de Division Edgard de Trentinian)
- 8th Infantry Division (Général de Division Raoul de Lartigue)
- VII Corps
- Général de Corps d’Armée Frederic E. Vautier
- 14th Infantry Division (Général de Division Étienne de Villaret)
- 63rd Reserve Division (Général de Division Georges Gustave Lombard)
- V Reserve Division Group
- Général de Division Henri J.A.B. de Lamaze
- 55th Reserve Division (Général Loius Leguay)
- 56th Reserve Division (Général de Brigade Théodore de Dartein)
- VI Reserve Division Group
- 61st Reserve Division (Généra Céleste Deprez)
- 62nd Reserve Division (Général Marie F. Ganeval)
- Cavalry Corps Sordet/Bridoux
- Général de Corps d’Armée André Sordet (thru 8 Sep)
- Général de Corps d’Armée Marie E. Bridoux
- 1st Cavalry Division
- 3rd Cavalry Division
- 5th Cavalry Division
- 45th Infantry Division
- Général Antoine M.B. Drude
Général d’Armée Ferdinand Foch[e]
Chief of Staff: Lieutenant-Colonel Weygand
- IX Corps
- Général de Corps d’Armée Pierre Joseph Dubois
- 17th Infantry Division (Général de Division Noël Jean-Baptiste Dumas)
- 18th Infantry Division (Général Justinien Lefèvre)
- Moroccan Division (Général de Division Georges Louis Humbert)
- 52nd Reserve Division (Général de Division Hyacinthe C.J. Coquet, Général de Brigade Jules A.W.L. Battesti (assumed command on September 6)
- XI Corps
- Général de Corps d’Armée Joseph-Paul Eydoux
- 21st Infantry Division (Général de Division Rene Radiguet)
- 22nd Infantry Division (Général de Division Joseph Maurice Pambet)
- 60th Reserve Division (Général de Division Maurice Joppé)
- XXI Corps
- Général de Corps d’Armée Émile E. Legrand-Girarde
- 13th Infantry Division (Général de Brigade Louis H.A. Baquet)
- 43rd Infantry Division (Général de Division Pierre E. Lanquetot)
- 9th Cavalry Division
- Général Jean de l'Espée
- 42nd Infantry Division
- Général Paul François Grossetti
German Armies
edit
Chief of the Imperial German General Staff: Generaloberst Helmuth von Moltke
- Quartermaster-General / Deputy Chief of Staff: General der Artillerie Hermann von Stein
- Operations Officer: Oberst Gerhard Tappen
- Political Officer: Oberst Wilhelm von Dommes
- Intelligence Officer: Oberstleutnant Richard Hentsch
Generaloberst Alexander von Kluck
Chief of Staff: Generalmajor Hermann von Kuhl
Quartermaster-General: Oberst Walter von Bergmann
- II Corps
- General der Infantrie Alexander von Linsingen
- Chief of Staff: Oberst Hans Freiherr von Hammerstein-Gesmold
- 3rd Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Ferdinand K. von Trossel)
- 4th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Günther von Pannewitz)
- III Corps
- General der Infanterie Ewald von Lochow
- Chief of Staff: Oberstleutnant Hans von Seeckt
- 5th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Georg Wichura)
- 6th Infantry Division (Generalmajor Richard Herhudt von Rohden)
- IV Corps
- General der Infanterie Friedrich Sixt von Armin
- Chief of Staff: Leo von Stocken
- 7th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Johannes Riedel)
- 8th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Georg K.A. Hildebrandt)
- IX Corps
- General der Infanterie Ferdinand von Quast
- Chief of Staff: Oberstleutnant Franz Sydow
- 17th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Arnold von Bauer)
- 18th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Max von Kluge)
- IV Reserve Corps
- General der Artillerie Hans von Gronau
- Chief of Staff: Oberstleutnant Friedrich von der Heyde
- 7th Reserve Division (Generalleutnant Bogislav Graf von Schwerin)
- 22nd Reserve Division (Generalleutnant Otto Riemann)
- II Cavalry Corps
- General der Kavallerie Georg von der Marwitz
- 2nd Cavalry Division (Generalleutnant Friedrich Freiherr von Krane)
- 4th Cavalry Division (Generalleutnant Otto von Garnier)
- 9th Cavalry Division (Generalmajor Eberhard Graf von Schmettow)
Generaloberst Karl von Bülow
Chief of Staff: Generalleutnant Ernst Otto von Lauenstein
- Guards Corps
- General der Infanterie Karl von Plettenberg
- Chief of Staff: Oberstleutnant Friedrich Graf von der Schulenburg
- 1st Guards Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Oskar von Hutier)
- 2nd Guards Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Arnold von Winckler)
- VII Corps
- General der Kavallerie Karl von Einem
- Chief of Staff: Oberst Hans von Wolff
- 13th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Kurt von dem Borne)
- 14th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Friedrich Fleck)
- X Corps
- General der Infanterie Otto von Emmich
- Chief of Staff: Oberst Gustav Freiherr von der Wenge Graf von Lambsdorff
- 19th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Max P.O. Hofmann)
- 20th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Alwin Schmundt)
- X Reserve Corps
- General der Infanterie Johannes von Eben
- Chief of Staff: Oberstleutnant Max Hoffmann von Waldau
- 2nd Guards Reserve Division (Generalleutnant Richard Freiherr von Süsskind-Schwendi)
- 19th Reserve Division (General der Infanterie Max von Bahrfeldt)
- I Cavalry Corps
- Generalleutnant Manfred von Richthofen[f]
- Guards Cavalry Division (Generalleutnant Adolph von Storch)
- 5th Cavalry Division (Generalleutnant Karl von Ilsemann)
Generaloberst Max Freiherr von Hausen
Chief of Staff: Generalmajor Ernst von Hoeppner
Quartermaster-General: Generalmajor von Leuthold
Chief Engineer: Generalmajor Franz Adams
General der Infanterie Karl d'Elsa
Chief of Staff: Oberstleutnant Hans von Eulitz
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General der Kavallerie Maximilian von Laffert
Chief of Staff: Oberstleutnant Frotscher
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Commanding General: General der Artillerie Hans von Kirchbach
Chief of Staff: Oberstleutnant von Koppenfels
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Army Troops
edit- 3rd (Mortar) Btln., 19th Field Artillery
- 23rd Pioneers
- 22nd Aviation Detachment
- 47th Mixed Landwehr Brigade
- 104th Landwehr Infantry
- 106th Landwehr Infantry
- 2nd Landwehr Cavalry Squadron
- Landwehr Artillery Battery
Notes
edit- ^ Replaced French as C-in-C BEF December 1915
- ^ Strongly clashed with Sir John French on matters of strategy
- ^ Given command of British forces in the Middle East in June 1917; entered Jerusalem in December
- ^ Headed the collaborationist Vichy regime, 1940-1944
- ^ Promoted to Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Armies, March 1918
- ^ Great-uncle of Manfred von Richthofen, known as the Red Baron
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "ORDER OF BATTLE OF THE FRENCH ARMY, AUGUST 1914". Orbat.com. 2001-08-12. Retrieved 2010-12-14.
- ^ "German Army Corps 1914". 2003. Retrieved 2010-12-14.
- ^ "The Prussian Machine - German Army 1914-18".
- ^ for cavalry and aviation
- ^ Nafziger, George. "French Forces Battle of the Marne August 28-29 1914" (PDF). U.S. Army Combined Arms Research Library.
- ^ Nafziger, George. "German Forces Battle of the Marne 28-29 August 1914" (PDF). U.S. Army Combined Arms Research Library. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
Sources
edit- Ian Sumner "The First Battle of the Marne 1914" Osprey Publishing (May 25, 2010) ISBN 1-84603-502-3
- Asprey R. B. The First Battle of the Marne W&N 1962
- Cassar, George. Kitchener's War: British Strategy from 1914 to 1916. Brassey's Inc. Washington 2004. ISBN 1-57488-708-4
- Evans, M. M. (2004). Battles of World War I. Select Editions. ISBN 1-84193-226-4.
- Isselin, Henri. The Battle of the Marne. London: Elek Books, 1965. (Translation of La Bataille de la Marne, published by Editions B. Arthaud, 1964.)
- Michelin Guide The Marne Battle-Fields (1914) 1925
- Perris, George Herbert. The Battle of the Marne. London: Methuen, 1920.
- Porch, Douglas. The March to the Marne: The French Army, 1870–1914 (Cambridge, 1981 / 2003).
- Tuchman, Barbara. The Guns of August. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1962.
- von Hausen, Max. Erinnerungen an den Marnefeldzug 1914. (Translation: "Reminiscences of the Marne Campaign 1914") Dresden: K.F. Koehler, 1920.