Francisco Javier García Gaztelu (12 February 1966), alias "Txapote", is a Basque separatist terrorist who is responsible for the assassination of several Basque politicians. He is also known by the aliases Perretxiko, Jon, Xabier, and Otsagi,[1][2] among others. He was part of the "hard wing" of ETA and never showed any sign of repentance for his actions or condemned those of the group.
Francisco Javier García Gaztelu | |
|---|---|
| Born | 12 February 1966 |
| Other names | Txapote, Perretxiko, Jon, Xabier, Otsagi |
| Citizenship | Spanish |
| Organization | Euskadi Ta Askatasuna |
| Known for | Multiple high-profile political assassinations |
| Criminal status | Convicted |
| Criminal charge | Kidnapping and murder |
Arrested in 2001, he currently serves multiple sentences, adding up to 500 years of imprisonment.[3]
Criminal activities
editTxapote began his career, like many ETA activists, through Kale borroka urban violence. He was sentenced to one year in prison for throwing a Molotov cocktail at a French car dealership in his home town of Galdacano in 1987.[1]
He later joined ETA's Vizcaya commando until an August 1991 shootout in Bilbao with the Basque regional police, during which fellow etara Juan María Ormazábal (Turko) was killed, along with officer Alfonso Mentxaka. Txapote then fled into hiding, possibly in Mexico, until his return at the end of 1994, when he joined the commando Donosti, led by José Javier Arizkuren Ruiz, alias Kantauri.[1][4] Identified by the police, he went again into hiding, this time in France around 1995.[1] Txapote is back in Spain in 1996 and participates in the murder of Spanish socialist lawyer Fernando Mugica.[5] He took over his group's command after the capture of Kantauri at the beginning of 1999.[6]
According to experts, Txapote represents the hard line within ETA that opposed the group's 1998 truce.[2][7] He is credited with the operational restructuring of some twenty commandos and the strengthening of ETA's terrorist activity during the months following the truce, as well as the preparation of multiple operations following the break of this truce in 1999.[2][8]
Capture and trial
editThe investigation into the theft of a die-cutting machine in Irun in November 1999 led the police to ETA member Ibon Muñoa, who in previous years had provided logistical support to the Donosti Command. Muñoa declared that he had met with Txapote in Anglet, France.
Txapote's arrest took place on February 22, 2001, while he was eating on the terrace of the Havana Cafe restaurant with Stephane Robidart, a French member of ETA that was providing logistical support to the group.[9] This arrest took place shortly after ETA assassinated two workers of the Elektra company in San Sebastian in their attempt to kill socialist councilman Iñaki Dubreuil Churruca with a car bomb.[10]
The trial took place in June 2006. Txapote invoked his right not to testify. Although he refused to intervene on the first day, García Gaztelu used his right to the last word to acknowledge being an "ETA militant" and affirm that ETA "would not abandon its struggle for the freedom of Euskadi".[11]
García Gaztelu was sentenced to 50 years in prison as the material author of the murder of Miguel Ángel Blanco; because of his attitude, the court also prohibited him from approaching the Biscayan town of Ermua for five years after his release from prison.[12] In the trial for the murder of socialist Fernando Múgica, he was sentenced to 82 years in prison and forbidden to visit San Sebastián, the city where the murder was committed and where the Múgica family lives, for six years after his release from prison.[13]
Overall, Francisco Javier García Gaztelu has been sentenced to more than 450 years in prison.[14]
Let Txapote vote for you, Sanchez!
editIn August 2022, García Gaztelu was transferred from the Estremera Prison near Madrid to one in the Basque Country.[15] In September 2022, the slogan "Let Txapote vote for you!" started being used as a rallying cry by politicians of the conservative People's Party and far-right Vox to attack Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez.
Its wide dissemination in the campaign for the 2023 general elections prompted the Collective of Victims of Terrorism, through its president Consuelo Ordóñez (whose brother Gregorio was murdered by Txapote), to condemn the use of "this repugnant slogan that causes pain among the victims and their families".[16] The position was decried by representatives of the right, such as Rafael Hernando who despite never having met with Gregorio Ordóñez, pointed out that he "knew better than his sister that he would agree with the slogan".[17]
References
edit- ^ a b c d ""Txapote", chef présumé de l'ETA militaire, épinglé par hasard en France - Le Temps" (in French). 2001-02-23. ISSN 1423-3967. Retrieved 2023-08-26.
- ^ a b c 20minutos (2022-09-01). "El sangriento historial de más de 53 asesinatos que acompaña a 'Txapote' y Parot, los dos últimos presos de ETA acercados al País Vasco". www.20minutos.es - Últimas Noticias (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-08-26.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Peñalosa, Gema (31 August 2022). "El Gobierno acerca al País Vasco a 'Txapote' y Henri Parot, los terroristas más sanguinarios de ETA". El Mundo. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- ^ "Identificados los miembros del comando que asesinó a Miguel Angel Blanco". El Mundo. 22 October 2000. Retrieved 2023-08-26.
- ^ "Txapote, condenado a 82 años por el asesinato de Fernando Múgica". El País (in Spanish). 2006-07-27. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2023-08-26.
- ^ "CNN.com - Suspected ETA leader captured - February 22, 2001". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 2023-08-26.
- ^ "Arranca el juicio a 'Txapote' y otros tres etarras por el asesinato de un funcionario de prisiones". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 2019-09-23. Retrieved 2023-08-26.
- ^ "Tres etarras reconocen ante 'Txapote' que vigilaron objetivos en la tregua de 1998". El País (in Spanish). 2011-10-20. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2023-08-26.
- ^ "Francia detiene a Txapote, el jefe militar de ETA, después de que la banda asesinara a dos trabajadores". www.elmundo.es. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
- ^ "Una bomba dirigida a un edil del PSE mata a dos obreros en San Sebastián". Cinco Días (in Spanish). 2001-02-23. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
- ^ "Expulsan del juicio a algunos allegados de Miguel Ángel Blanco tras ovacionar al fiscal | elmundo.es". www.elmundo.es. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
- ^ "Txapote, el asesino de Blanco, encara sin arrepentirse la recta final de su condena de 30 años". heraldo.es (in Spanish). Heraldo de Aragón. 8 July 2022. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
- ^ "Habla el hijo de Fernando Múgica, asesinado por 'Txapote': "El delegado de Sánchez es un ignorante"". El Español (in Spanish). 2023-06-17. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
- ^ ""Txapote", el brutal sicario de ETA que acumula más de 450 años de prisión". ABC (in Spanish). 2019-10-01. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
- ^ "El Gobierno acerca al País Vasco a 'Txapote' y Henri Parot, los terroristas más sanguinarios de ETA". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 2022-08-31. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
- ^ "Consuelo Ordóñez carga contra las juventudes del PP por sus camisetas con el lema "que te vote Txapote"". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 2023-06-21. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
- ^ "Consuelo Ordóñez carga contra Rafa Hernando por decir que su hermano asesinado por ETA se habría unido al "que te vote Txapote"". El Mundo (in Spanish). 2023-07-10. Retrieved 2023-08-31.