The Cerro Chajnantor Atacama Telescope (CCAT) is a proposed 25 metres (82 ft) diameter telescope that is intended to reveal the cosmic origins of stars, planets, and galaxies with its submillimeter cameras and spectrometers enabled by superconducting detector arrays.[1][2] The telescope was originally called the Cornell Caltech Atacama Telescope, but due to lack of funding the 25 metre telescope is currently on hold.[3]
 Concept image of proposed Cerro Chajnantor Atacama Telescope (CCAT) | |
| Alternative names | Cerro Chajnantor Atacama Telescope |
|---|---|
| Location(s) | Purico Complex, El Loa, Antofagasta Region, Chile |
| Coordinates | 22°59′09″S 67°44′25″W / 22.98592°S 67.74028°W |
| Altitude | 5,612 m (18,412 ft) |
| First light | 2023  |
| Telescope style | radio telescope |
| Diameter | 6 m (19 ft 8 in) |
| Website | www |
  Location of Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope | |
 Related media on Commons | |
The collaboration is building a smaller 6 metres (20 ft) diameter submillimeter/millimeter telescope, CCAT-prime, as a first step before pursuing the 25 metre CCAT at some (unknown) time in the future. CCAT-prime is based on a high optical throughput Crossed Dragone optical design,[4] and the Simons Observatory large aperture telescope uses the same optical design.[5] CCAT-prime will be located at the same site and share similar mission as the full sized CCAT, but naturally with reduced angular resolution compared to the 25 metre CCAT.
On September 14, 2020, the CCAT-prime telescope was renamed to be the Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST) after Fred Young, a Cornell alumnus who has supported the telescope for about two decades with over US$16 million.[6]
Site
editThe planned site is at an altitude of 5,612 metres (18,412 ft), on Cerro Chajnantor mountain/summit of the volcanic Purico Complex, in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. FYST will be one of the highest permanent, ground-based telescopes in the world.[7] The University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory is located slightly above the proposed telescope location on the same peak.
Description
editThe CCAT consortium participating in the project includes: Cornell University, University of Cologne, University of Bonn, University of Waterloo, University of British Columbia, and other institutions in Germany and Canada.[8][9]
The telescope is intended to complement the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), by discovering new sources that ALMA will follow up with highly detailed imagery.[10]
The FYST telescope is to be outfitted with a wide-field camera called Prime-Cam[11][12] that is expected to map the sky many times faster than previous submillimeter instruments, including SCUBA-2 camera installed on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in Hawaii.[9]
The submillimeter and millimeter wavelength light that FYST will measure is a type of microwave radiation that is closest to infrared in the light spectrum. These measurements will enable astronomers to learn more about the Milky Way, local galaxies, Epoch of Reionization, and Cosmology.[13]
Construction
editIn January 2014 the Chilean government granted the use of land on Cerro Chajnantor to the CCAT consortium for the telescope and the road to the mountain summit. [14] Also in January 2014, the Atacama Astronomy Park was inaugurated by the Chilean government, to coordinate activities between the current and upcoming observatories in the Chajnantor region.
The 6 metre CCAT-prime telescope construction started 2017 (signing of construction contract) with first light expected in 2025.[15] The fabrication of telescope components started late 2018.[16]
See also
edit- Lists of telescopes
- Martha P. Haynes, project director, originally proposed with Riccardo Giovanelli in the mid-1990s that a CCAT-like telescope be built[17]
- Riccardo Giovanelli, originally proposed with Martha Haynes in the mid-1990s that a CCAT-like telescope be built[17]
References
edit- ^ National Research Council Report Highly Recommends CCAT Archived 2011-07-28 at the Wayback Machine CCAT News 12 November 2010
- ^ Jonas Zmuidzinas bio NASA Accessed 28 March 2011
- ^ "CCAT Observatory: History".
- ^ Niemack, M. (2016). Designs for a large-aperture telescope to map the CMB 10X faster Applied Optics 55:7, 1688.
- ^ Parshley, S. et al. (2018). The optical design of the six-meter CCAT-prime and Simons Observatory telescopes Proc. SPIE 10700, 1070041.
- ^ "Breakthrough telescope in Chile renamed for benefactor alum".
- ^ The Cornell Caltech Atacama Telescope (CCAT) Archived 2011-07-27 at the Wayback Machine; University of Cologne; Accessed 28 March 2011.
- ^ "Partners". CCAT Observatory. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
- ^ a b Renata D'Aliesio Astronomers hope telescope unlocks secrets of universe The Globe and Mail 28 March 2011
- ^ Lauren Gold $11M gift for Atacama telescope will help astronomers answer fundamental questions about galaxy, star formation Cornell Chronicle 12 November 2010
- ^ Vavagiakis, E. et al. (2018). Prime-Cam: A first-light instrument for the CCAT-prime telescope Proc. SPIE 10708, 107081U.
- ^ Choi, S. et al. (2020). Sensitivity of the Prime-Cam Instrument on the CCAT-Prime Telescope Journal of Low Temperature Physics 199, 1089–1097.
- ^ CCAT-prime Collaboration: Science Goals and Forecasts with Prime-Cam on the Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope
- ^ Cornell Chronicle: "Chilean government grants land for giant telescope"; 16 January 2014.
- ^ "CCAT Observatory : News".
- ^ "Fabrication of powerful telescope begins".
- ^ a b "Exploring Extragalactic Neighborhoods". 10 June 2020.
