Function–means tree

In engineering design, a function–means tree (a.k.a. function/means tree or F/M tree) is a method for functional decomposition and concept generation. At the top level, main functions are identified. Under each function, a means (or solution element) is attached. Alternative solution elements can also be attached. Each means is in turn decomposed into functions with means attached to each of them. A well-elaborated function means tree span, a design space where all concepts under consideration are represented.

Function means tree

In addition to product level requirements, there might be requirements on sub functions that may be a consequence of means at a higher level. The function means tree is a tool that can aid in the creative part of the design process. It can also be a tool for mapping requirements to parts in a design.

Further reading

• Barry O'Sullivan (2002). Constraint-Aided Conceptual Design. John Wiley and Sons. p. 11. ISBN 1-86058-335-0.
• Claus Thorp Hansen and Mogens Myrup Andreasen (2002). "Two approaches to synthesis based on the domain theory". In Amaresh Chakrabarti (ed.). Engineering Design Synthesis: Understanding, Approaches, and Tools. Springer. pp. 99. ISBN 1-85233-492-4.
• Mogens Myrup Andreasen (1980). Machine Design Methods Based on a Systematic Approach - Contribution to a Design Theory. Dissertation (in Danish), Department of Machine Design, Lund Institute of Technology, Sweden.