Gérald Charles Genta (1 May 1931 – 17 August 2011) was a Swiss watchmaker and artist. He is known for his eponymous lines of timepieces, such as Gerald Genta and Gerald Charles, as well as his design work with other high-end watch manufacturers, including IWC, Omega, Universal Genève, Patek Philippe and Audemars Piguet. Genta created the Patek Phillipe Nautilus and the Audemars Piguet Royal Oak, to date the best-selling models of both houses. He is regarded as one of the most influential people in the history of horology.
Gérald Genta | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Gérald Charles Genta 1 May 1931 Geneva, Switzerland |
| Died | 17 August 2011 (aged 80) |
| Occupation(s) | Watchmaker, businessman, designer |
| Years active | 1950–2011 |
Christie's auction house of New York has called Genta's work "the Fabergé of watches",[1] while The Wall Street Journal has called them the "world's most complicated and pricey watches".[2]
Early life
editGenta was born in Geneva to a Swiss mother and father of Piemonte (Northern Italian) descent.[citation needed] At age 20, Genta finished jewellery and goldsmith training in Switzerland, earning his Swiss Federal Diploma.[3]
Starting career with Universal Genève
editSubsequently, Genta was recruited by Universal Genève SA, at the time one of the most recognized manufactures in both the U.S. and Europe for its chronograph models.[citation needed] After Universal Genève settled a patent dispute involving the micro-rotor caliber, Genta designed Universal's Polerouter Microtors in the 1950s, as well as the Golden and White Shadows during the mid-1960s.[citation needed] The Shadows contained a micro-rotor, unisonic and accutron movement, the latter two a result of the quartz crisis starting in the late 1960s.[citation needed]
Notable watch designs
editGenta's work with Universal would be a precursor to future collaborations with other brands in Switzerland and throughout Europe, including Omega's Constellation (1959); Patek Philippe's Golden Ellipse (1968). Audemars Piguet's Royal Oak (1970), IWC's Ingenieur (1976); Patek Philippe's Nautilus (1976); and Cartier's Pasha de Cartier (1985).[4]
Audemars Piguet Royal Oak
editOne of Genta's most recognisable designs was that of the Audemars Piguet Royal Oak, which was considered to be the first luxury sports watch in the world.[5] The watch was inspired by traditional diving helmets and therefore featured exposed screw heads as well as a unique case design.[6][7] The watch also featured an integrated bracelet.
Patek Philippe Nautilus
editIn 1976, Patek Philippe introduced the Nautilus collection, designed by Genta, after deciding it was time to produce an exclusive sport watch with finishes of the highest quality.[8][9] The first model was Ref. 3700 and was made of steel.[10] The Nautilus was released by Patek Philippe during the quartz crisis in the hope that it would help re-attract people's attention to high-end Swiss mechanical watches.[9]
The Nautilus collection played a key role in Patek Philippe's overall marketing strategy as it had to refresh the brand image while perpetuating tradition. The target was represented by dynamic business managers of the new generations.[11] The Nautilus wristwatch has become one of the most popular collections from Patek Philippe, and the Ref. 5711 & 5712 models, which the company introduced in 2006 to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the collection, are among the most popular models.[9][12] Today the model Ref - 5711 has become a true icon of success and style as it is adorned by various famous celebrities and sports stars.
IWC Schaffhausen Ingenieur SL "Jumbo" Ref.1832
editDesigned by Gerald Genta in 1974 and manufactured by IWC Schaffhausen in 1976,[13] the Ingenieur SL Automatic Ref. 1832 is considered one of the most sought-after watches in IWC’s history. As part of IWC’s SL collection of luxury steel sports watches launched in the 1970s, the timepiece became known and appreciated for both its strong aesthetic codes and technical refinements: rubber buffers absorbed heavy shocks and impacts,[14] while a soft iron inner case protected the automatic movement caliber 8541 from strong magnetic fields.[15] Due to its large size and an impressive case diameter of 40 mm, which was particularly unique for its time, the Ingenieur SL was soon known among watch aficionados as the “Jumbo”.[16]
Gerald Genta created the Ingenieur SL during the quartz crisis,[17] a challenging period for IWC and the entire watch industry. At that time, the watch manufacturer aimed at expanding its product portfolio to include more mechanical watches in stainless steel. Genta was commissioned to find a new visual identity for IWC’s Ingenieur, the manufacturer’s first anti-magnetic watch for civilian use developed in the 1950s.[18] In his design of the new, robust Ingenieur model in stainless steel, Genta successfully highlighted its distinctive technical character.[19] The watch’s integrated H-link bracelet, structured dial and, above all, the screw-on bezel with five recesses became the Ingenieur SL’s trademark features.[20]
Eponymous brand & Designs
edit
After starting his own brand in 1969, Genta would create the sonneries, among them the Gérald Genta Octo Granda Sonnerie Tourbillion, which contained four gongs and an emulated Westminster Quarters bell ring at each quarter and on the hour, "the same melody rung out by London's Big Ben", and priced at $810,200.[21] In 1994, he designed the Grande Sonnerie Retro, the world's most complicated wristwatch, and priced at approximately $2 million.[22] For private requests, Genta hand-designed the movements, dials and cases of his timepieces and employed limited or no external assistance, outsourcing or mechanization during the process; it was not unusual for a single watch to take up to 5 years to complete.[23]
During the 1980s, Genta obtained special licensing with The Walt Disney Company and distributed a limited edition of Disney character watches to the public; previously, they had been an unofficial private request by one of Genta's repeat customers. The dials consisted of illustrations of Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Donald Duck, Scrooge and Goofy, with cases made of 18 carat gold. Designed in Le Brassus, Switzerland, the watches retailed between $3250–$3650 in 1988.[24][25]
During latest '80s design the GEFICA SAFARI presented in Baselworld 1984 . First bronze case watch in history. Has a bronze compass on the deployante clasp, a complicated annual calendar and moonphase mecha quartz movement. The dial benefits of lapis lazuli or Coral insert, 18k gold accents and hands and real Shark leather strap. First version came in ardesia or real tortoise shell dial. Meteorite or mother of Pearl version came after as elephant strap. There were other versions during the 90s done in full gold or automatic chrono based on valjoux 7750.
Famous clients
edit
Genta's clients have included athletes, business people, musicians, movie stars, politicians, and royalty, including Prince Rainier of Monaco, King Hassan II of Morocco, King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofia of Spain, King Fahd of Saudi Arabia and Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother of England.[26]
Genta himself only designed wristwatches, he perferred not to wear them.[27]
Acquisition by Bulgari
editAfter his eponymous company, trade marks, patents and designs were acquired by Bulgari in 2000, Genta resigned and created a new venture called Gerald Charles. Genta sold his latest brand in 2003, still remaining Gerald Charles’ designer-in-chief until his death. As of 2010, Gerald Genta watches were marketed solely under the Bulgari brand. In 2019, Bulgari celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Gerald Genta mark.[28] A re-edition of Bronze Gefica was done during 2003 with automatic movement and bigger diameter .
Family and posterity
editWith his wife and business partner Évelyne, Gérald had two children: Frédéric Genta and Alexia Genta.
During his life, Gerald Genta drew over 100,000 watch designs. When he died, he left Évelyne Genta over 3200 of his designs. This huge selection of drawings is made up of his most famous designs but mostly of unseen pieces. One hundred of them are being auction by Sotheby's in Spring 2022,[29] each with a corresponding NFT.[30]
After Gérald died on 17 August 2011 at the age of 80,[31] Évelyne Genta founded in 2019 the Gerald Genta Heritage association in order to honor his unrivalled contribution to the watch industry as well as encourage and nurture young talent in the industry. The association created the yearly Gérald Genta Prize in order to reward "the young talented designers and the high potentials of watchmaking".[32]
External links
editReferences
edit- ^ Guest, Tim (2005). My Life in Orange: Growing Up with the Guru (page 258). Mariner Books. ISBN 0-15-603106-X.
- ^ The Wall Street Journal (Index, Volume 1; page 429). Dow Jones & Company. 1996.
- ^ Farmelo, Allen (2019-09-23). "Meet the Man Behind Nearly Every Iconic Watch Design of the 20th Century". Robb Report. Retrieved 2021-05-22.
- ^ "Iconic Models". Gerald Genta Heritage. Retrieved 2021-11-03.
- ^ Fiona Macdonald. "The most iconic timepieces of the last 100 years". Retrieved 2020-04-08.
- ^ "History of the Audemars Piguet Royal Oak". Time and Watches | The watch blog. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
- ^ Williams, Alex (2016-01-04). "How the Royal Oak Watch Became a Cult Classic". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
- ^ GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Company | History". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
- ^ a b c "Secrets of the Patek Philippe Nautilus | Christie's". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
- ^ "History of the Patek Philippe Nautilus, Part 1 - The Birth of an Icon, the 3700 (1976/1990)". Monochrome Watches. 2016-10-11. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
- ^ History of the Patek Philippe Nautilus, 2015
- ^ Koch, Written byJens (2018-12-14). "Luxury in Steel: A History of the Patek Philippe Nautilus". WatchTime - USA's No.1 Watch Magazine. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
- ^ IWC Schaffhausen History
- ^ Moeb 1976-1984: The «Jumbo» Ingenieur SL
- ^ IWC Schaffhausen Mechanical Marvels
- ^ IWC Schaffhausen, IWC Journal Ingenieur 1832
- ^ IWC Schaffhausen History
- ^ Gerald Genta Heritage
- ^ Uhrentick IWC Ingenieur SL "Jumbo"
- ^ IWC Schaffhausen, IWC Journal Ingenieur 1832
- ^ Jack Forster, "For whom the bell tolls; For thee if you wear a minute repeater, the most complicated watch there is", p. 101 December 2009 Forbes Life
- ^ Aylmer, Editor in Chief, Sean (1998). Business Review Weekly (Volume 13, Issues 33-42). Fairfax Media.
{{cite book}}:|last=has generic name (help) - ^ Chilton &, Co (1995). Jewelers' circular-keystone (CK., Volume 166, Issues 7-9).
- ^ Texas Monthly (December 1988). Emmis Communications. 1988.
- ^ byWatchTime, Written (2011-08-19). "Gérald Genta Has Died at Age 80". WatchTime - USA's No.1 Watch Magazine. Retrieved 2021-05-22.
- ^ "The Genta Touch" (PDF). Retrieved 3 January 2013.
- ^ Wingold, Isaac. "The Bulova Royal Oak Myth". Wound For Life. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
- ^ "SIHH 2019 - Bvlgari Gerald Genta 50th Anniversary 103191 Arena Bi-Retro". Monochrome Watches. 2019-01-15. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
- ^ Secret Gérald Genta designs soon to be revealed, Europa Star, February 2020
- ^ Watch list: Gérald Genta’s most sought-after designs to go under the hammer, Financial Times, December 20th 2021
- ^ "Tribute to Gérald Genta". Archived from the original on 10 September 2011. Retrieved 28 August 2011.
- ^ Un prix Gérald Genta pour le meilleur jeune designer horloger[permanent dead link], Le Point, April 9th 2019