Günter von Drenkmann (November 9, 1910 - November 10, 1974) was a German lawyer. In 1967, he was appointed president of the Berlin district court ("Kammergericht"). The post was one that his grandfather had held between 1890 and 1904. He was killed by "2 June Movement" militants during a kidnapping attempt.[1][2]
Günter von Drenkmann | |
|---|---|
| Born | George Richard Ernst Günter von Drenkmann November 9, 1910 |
| Died | November 10, 1974 (aged 64) |
| Alma mater | Tübingen Munich Berlin |
| Occupation(s) | Lawyer President of the Berlin district court ("Kammergericht") |
| Known for | the circumstances of his murder |
| Spouse(s) | 1. Lilo Morgenroth (1918- 2. Christel ______ (1922-2011) |
| Children | Peter von Drenkmann (and others) |
| Parent(s) | Edwin von Drenkmann (1864-1944) Helen Drory (1874-1968) |
Life
editProvenance and connections
editGeorge Richard Ernst Günter von Drenkmann was born in Berlin.[3] He came from a well-connected family. The "Drenckmanns" had become "von Drenckmanns" when his grandfather was ennobled in 1901.[4] His father, Edwin von Drenkmann (1864-1944) had been a senior Prussian financial official ("Geheime Oberfinanzrat"). His mother, born Helen Drory (1874-1968), was the granddaughter of Leonard Drory (1800-1866), an entrepreneur from Colchester, England, and his wife.[5]
One of Günter von Drenkmann's sons, Peter von Drenkmann, later also served as president of the Berlin district court ("Kammergericht"), between 1999 and 2005.[6]
Early years
editGünter von Drenkmann studied Jurisprudence at Tübingen, Munich and Berlin. His education was predicated on the expectation that he should follow the family tradition and become a judge. However, at the start of 1933 the Nazis took power and lost no time in transforming Germany into a one-party dictatorship. Von Drenckmann repeatedly refused to join any Nazi-connected organisation, so was unable to become a judge.[1] Instead he worked on legal matters in industry and for the chamber of commerce.[2][1]
In the later 1930s, together with his friend Francis Wolff he was a member of "Hot Club Berlin". This was a circle of friends who got together in private to listen to banned jazz music. They also established contact with one or two jazz musicians such as Herb Flemming.[6][7] In 1939 Wolff, who was Jewish, emigrated to New York to escape Nazi oppression. There he built a career as a successful record company executive.[1][8] Von Drenkmann stayed in Germany.
In April 1939 he married Lilo Morgenroth.[9]
Middle years
editMay 1945 marked the end of the war and the end of the Nazi regime. Drenkmann was among relatively few lawyers who had stayed independent of the Nazi Party. By temperament he was a liberal Social Democrat, and in 1945 (if not earlier) he became a member of the Social Democratic Party ("Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands" / SPD).[1]
His career as a judge began in 1947 with appointment as a judge for civil matters at the Berlin district court ("Kammergericht"). True to his family tradition, a succession of promotions quickly followed. In 1967 he was selected as president of the Berlin district court ("Kammergericht").[1]
Death
editVon Drenkmann celebrated his sixty-fourth birthday on 9 November 1974. He planned to retire a year later. On Sunday 10 November 1974 he was at home with his wife. An unexpected visitor appeared at the door. When the bell rang he went to open the door, placing it "on the chain" because something felt not right. Several assailants forced their way into the apartment. There was a struggle and a gun was used. Someone fired a .38 calibre "dumdum" bullet and it hit Drenkmann. Neighbours saw the attackers escape in two cars. Günter von Drenkmann died on the way to hospital.[1]
The 2 June Movement claimed credit for the murder against someone who it said was one of those "responsible ... for the murder of a comrade".[10]
The previous day, Holger Meins, a student member of the RAF, had died at the Wittlich Youth Penitentiary, where he had been held. Meins was known as a large man but weighed just 39 kilograms (86 lb) at the time of his death. It was reported and widely accepted that he had died of starvation as a result of a hunger strike that he and other RAF prisoners had undertaken in an effort to pressure authorities to improve prison conditions.[11]
The attack on von Drenkmann was found to have been part of a planned kidnapping for ransom that went wrong.[12][13] Some of the militants believed they had a "need to escalate their profile".[14]
In 1986 six members of the "2 June Movement" were prosecuted in what was known as the Lorenz-Drenkmann trial, which covered both the 1974 killing of Günter von Drenkmann and the 1975 kidnapping of Peter Lorenz.[15] The court was unable to attribute the killing of von Drenkmann to any of the six individuals on trial. It remains unclear who killed von Drenkmann. All six defendants were convicted of the kidnapping of Peter Lorenz and membership in a criminal association. They were sentenced to substantial jail terms, of up to fifteen years apiece.[16][17]
The murder of von Drenkmann is frequently cited as the first of a series of widely publicised militant actions in West Germany.[18]
A state funeral for von Drenkmann was held in front of Berlin's Schöneberg City-hall. More than 20,000 members of the public attended. West German President Walter Scheel gave a brief address, calling for all democrats to join the war against terror.[2]
Commemoration
editA bronze memorial tablet to von Drenkmann was placed on the former courthouse building in Berlin-Charlottenburg. When the court relocated to Berlin-Schöneberg another memorial tablet was placed near the entrance. However, plans announced in 2004 to rename the street in which the new building is located from Elßholzstraße to Drenkmannstraße have not been implemented.[17] "The checking processes continue" was the explanation from Andrea Boehnke, speaking on behalf of the Justice Ministry, when asked about it in 2014.[17]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Schmid, Thomas [in German] (14 October 2010). "Das erste Opfer des Linksterrorismus" [The first victim of left-wing terrorism] (in German). Berlin: Axel Springer SE (WELT und N24). Retrieved 21 February 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c Keilani, Fatina (10 November 2017). "20.000 Menschen trauerten 1974 um Günter von Drenkmann" [20,000 people mourned Günter von Drenkmann in 1974]. Im November 1974 ehrten 20.000 Menschen Günter von Drenkmann am Rathaus Schöneberg. Terroristen hatten den Präsidenten des Berliner Kammergerichts erschossen. (in German). Berlin: Verlag Der Tagesspiegel GmbH. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ "Gedenktafel für Günter von Drenkmann" [Memorial plaque for Günter von Drenkmann] (in German). Bezirksamt Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf von Berlin. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ "Drenkmann, Edwin von, Jurist". Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 5. Leipzig: Contumax GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin. 1906. p. 193. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ "Helen Drory b. 1874". Rodovid DE. 26 April 2012. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ a b Schmid, Thomas (13 November 2010). "Ein vergessenes Verbrechen" [A forgotten crime]. Der Berliner Kammergerichtspräsident Günter von Drenkmann war das erste Opfer des Linksterrorismus in der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik. In dieser Woche wäre er 100 Jahre alt geworden. Rückblick auf ein deutsches Leben (in German). Berlin: Axel Springer SE (WELT und N24). Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ Reichelt, Matthias (16 January 2010). "It must schwing – Blue note". Berlin: Arbeitskreis Zukunft braucht Erinnerung. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ Cook, Richard (20 July 2003). "'Blue Note Records, The Biography'". Book Explores History of Influential Jazz Label. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ "Lilo Morgenroth b. 1918". Rodovid DE. 26 April 2012. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ "Wer ist über den Tod Günter von Drenkmanns "bestürzt" und weshalb? ... Zum Attentat auf Berlins höchsten Richter: Terror oder Gegenwehr?!" [Who is "shocked" by Günter von Drenkmann's death and why? ... On the assassination attempt on Berlin's highest judge: terror or resistance?!]. Flugblatt der Bewegung 2. Juni (in German). Frankfurt am Main: Förderverein Libertad! e.V. 14 November 2004. Archived from the original on 17 September 2011. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ Sontheimer, Michael (8 November 2007). ""Holger, der Kampf geht weiter!"" [Holger, the fight continues!]. Nach sieben Wochen im Hungerstreik starb am 9. November 1974 der RAF-Gefangene Holger Meins. Sein Tod im Gefängnis wurde für die radikale Linke zum Fanal. Er trieb eine ganze Generation von Sympathisanten in den Untergrund, die den irrwitzigen Krieg der RAF gegen den Staat weiterführten. (in German). Der Spiegel (online). Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ Sontheimer, Michael; Supp, Barbara (23 June 1997). ""Die schießen auf uns alle"" ["They're shooting at all of us"] (in German). Der Spiegel (online). Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ "Bewegung 2. Juni" [2 June Movement]. Verfassungsschutz (in German). Düsseldorf: Ministerium des Innern des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ "Klaus Pflieger im Gespräch mit Werner Reuß (2007)" [Klaus Pflieger in conversation with Werner Reuß (2007)]. alpha forum (in German). Munich: Bayerischer Rundfunk. 9 May 2012. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ "Alle für einen" [All for one]. Drenkmann-Mord und Lorenz-Entführung werden jetzt in Berlin verhandelt. 599 Zeugen sollen aussagen, 526 „Überführungsstücke“ liegen vor. Doch die Beweislage gegen die sechs Angeklagten ist schwierig. (in German). Der Spiegel (online). 14 April 1978. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ Schueler, Hans (17 October 1980). "Der Mord am Berliner Kammergerichtspräsidenten blieb ungesühnt" [The murder of the Berlin Kammergericht President remained unpunished]. Die Zeit (in German). Vol. 43/1980. Hamburg: Die Zeit (online). Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ a b c Füchsel, Katja (20 November 2014). "Attentat auf Günter von Drenkmann Die Terroristen kamen als Blumenboten" [Assassination attempt on Günter von Drenkmann The terrorists came as flower messengers]. Am 10. November 1974 fiel Kammergerichtspräsident Günter von Drenkmann einem Attentat der Bewegung 2. Juni zum Opfer. (in German). Berlin: Verlag Der Tagesspiegel GmbH. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ "George Richard Ernst Günter von Drenkmann geboren am: 09.11.1910 gestorben am: 10.11.1974" [George Richard Ernst Günter von Drenkmann born on: 09.11.1910 died on: 10.11.1974]. Friedpark: Friedhof Heerstraße ... Grabstelle: Abt. 20 C - 45/46 (in German). Historische Persönlichkeiten auf Berliner Friedhöfen. Archived from the original on 22 February 2018. Retrieved 22 February 2018.