Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNG3 gene .[ 5] [ 6]
G proteins are heterotrimers of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. Gamma subunits, such as GNG3, contribute to the specificity of the hundreds of receptor signaling pathways involving G proteins (Schwindinger et al., 2004).[supplied by OMIM][ 6]
Wedegaertner PB, Wilson PT, Bourne HR (1995). "Lipid modifications of trimeric G proteins" . J. Biol. Chem . 270 (2): 503–6. doi :10.1074/jbc.270.2.503 PMID 7822269 . Garcia-Higuera I, Thomas TC, Yi F, Neer EJ (1996). "Intersubunit surfaces in G protein alpha beta gamma heterotrimers. Analysis by cross-linking and mutagenesis of beta gamma" . J. Biol. Chem . 271 (1): 528–35. doi :10.1074/jbc.271.1.528 PMID 8550614 . Yan K, Kalyanaraman V, Gautam N (1996). "Differential ability to form the G protein betagamma complex among members of the beta and gamma subunit families" . J. Biol. Chem . 271 (12): 7141–6. doi :10.1074/jbc.271.12.7141 PMID 8636150 . Morishita R, Saga S, Kawamura N, et al. (1997). "Differential localization of the gamma 3 and gamma 12 subunits of G proteins in the mammalian brain" . J. Neurochem . 68 (2): 820–7. doi :10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020820.x PMID 9003074 . S2CID 83968908 . Bell B, Xing H, Yan K, et al. (1999). "KSR-1 binds to G-protein betagamma subunits and inhibits beta gamma-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation" . J. Biol. Chem . 274 (12): 7982–6. doi :10.1074/jbc.274.12.7982 PMID 10075696 . Hurowitz EH, Melnyk JM, Chen YJ, et al. (2000). "Genomic characterization of the human heterotrimeric G protein alpha, beta, and gamma subunit genes" . DNA Res . 7 (2): 111–20. doi :10.1093/dnares/7.2.111 PMID 10819326 . Evanko DS, Thiyagarajan MM, Siderovski DP, Wedegaertner PB (2001). "Gbeta gamma isoforms selectively rescue plasma membrane localization and palmitoylation of mutant Galphas and Galphaq" . J. Biol. Chem . 276 (26): 23945–53. doi :10.1074/jbc.M101154200 PMID 11294873 . Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode :2002PNAS...9916899M . doi :10.1073/pnas.242603899 PMC 139241 PMID 12477932 . Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F, et al. (2003). "Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta" . J. Biol. Chem . 278 (9): 7220–6. doi :10.1074/jbc.M210304200 PMID 12486123 . Kato C, Mizutani T, Tamaki H, et al. (2004). "Characterization of heterotrimeric G protein complexes in rice plasma membrane" . Plant J . 38 (2): 320–31. doi :10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02046.x PMID 15078334 . Schwindinger WF, Giger KE, Betz KS, et al. (2004). "Mice with Deficiency of G Protein γ3 Are Lean and Have Seizures" . Mol. Cell. Biol . 24 (17): 7758–68. doi :10.1128/MCB.24.17.7758-7768.2004 . PMC 506985 PMID 15314181 . Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)" . Genome Res . 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi :10.1101/gr.2596504 . PMC 528928 PMID 15489334 .
