Gabriel Plattes (c.1600–1644) was an English writer on agriculture and science, and also now recognised as the author of the utopian work Description of the Famous Kingdome of Macaria, often attributed to Samuel Hartlib under whose name it was published.[1]
Life
editHe was one of the earliest advocates in England of an improved system of husbandry, and devoted time and money to practical experiments. He was in poverty at the end of his life and was supported by Hartlib, to whom he left his unpublished papers.
Works
editHis Treatise of Husbandry (1638) concerns both agriculture and the relations of landlord and tenant. His later tracts mainly repeat under new titles information first published in the Treatise.
A Discoverie of Infinite Treasure[2] was an early work in the fields of chemistry, metallurgy and geology. According to Allen Debus Plattes was heavily influenced by William Gilbert and the theory of magnetism. He wrote on the dowsing rod, colour and mineral composition, and the formation of geological features.[3] Plattes dedicated the work to his patron and mentor William Englebert.[4]
Generally opposed to alchemists, he wrote a catalogue of tricks associated with their claims, Caveat for Alchemists appearing in the Chymical, Medicinal, and Chyrurgical Addresses: Made to Samuel Hartlib of 1655. He was not, however, a sceptic; but raised also the issue of motivation in the search for transmutation into gold and the losses of the adept.[5]
Other works were
- Observations and Improvements in Husbandry, with twenty Experiments, London, 1639.
- Recreatio Agriculturæ, London, 1640, 1646.
- The profitable Intelligencer, communicating his knowledge for the generall good of the Commonwealth and all Posterity, &c. [London, 1644].
References
edit- ^ Amy Boesky, Founding fictions: Utopias in early modern England (1996), p. 91.
- ^ A Discoverie of Infinite Treasure, hidden since the World's Beginning. Whereunto all men, of what degree soever, are friendly invited to be sharers with the Discoverer, G. P., London, 1639. This also appeared under the title A Discovery of Subterraneall Treasure, viz., of all manner of mines and minerals … and also the art of melting, refining, and assaying of them, London, 1639; London, 1653,; another edition, with the title A Discovery of Subterranean Treasure, whereunto is added a real experiment whereby every ignorant man … may try whether any piece of gold … be true or counterfeit, London, 1679; reprinted in A Collection of scarce … Treatises upon Metals, 1739; 1740.
- ^ Allen Debus, The English Paracelsians (1965), pp. 165-6.
- ^ Charles Webster, The Intellectual Revolution of the Seventeenth Century|publisher=Routledge|date=2012
- ^ Chapter Five: Curing Creation: Alchemy and Spirituality, from John T. Young, Faith, Medical Alchemy and Natural Philosophy: Johann Moriaen, Reformed Intelligencer, and the Hartlib Circle (1998).
- Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Plattes, Gabriel". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
Further reading
edit- Allen G. Debus, Gabriel Plattes and his Chemical Theory of the Formation of the Earth's Crust. Ambix, 9, (1961), pp. 162–165.
- D. Geoghegan, Gabriel Plattes' Caveat for Alchymists. Ambix, 10 (1962), pp. 97–102.
- Charles Webster, The Authorship and Significance of Macaria, Past & Present, No. 56 (Aug., 1972), pp. 34–48
- Charles Webster, Utopian Planning and the Puritan Revolution: Gabriel Plattes, Samuel Hartlib, and Macaria, Research Publications, II (Oxford: Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine, 1979).
External links
edit- Gabriel Plattes Archived 6 November 2009 at the Wayback Machine listing in bibliography Utopian Writing, 1516-1798
- Works by Gabriel Plattes at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
