Gastrodin is a chemical compound which is the glucoside of gastrodigenin. It has been isolated from the orchid Gastrodia elata and from the rhizome of Galeola faberi.[1] It can also be produced by biotransformation of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde by Datura tatula cell cultures.[2]
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
4-(Hydroxymethyl)phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside
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| Systematic IUPAC name
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-[4-(hydroxymethyl)phenoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | |
| Other names
Gastrodine
4-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)benzyl alcohol | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.208.712 |
PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C13H18O7 | |
| Molar mass | 286.280 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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G. elata is a herb used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat headache, and it is standardized in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia by gastrodin and gastrodigenin content.[3] In line with this traditional use, gastrodin and its acetyl derivative are used in China as an over-the-counter drug to treat neurasthenia, headache, and migraine.[4] It is available as a dietary supplement in other countries.
A Chinese literature review considers it useful for a range of central nervous system disorders, with the evidence coming from mostly Chinese researches.[5]
References
edit- ^ Li, Y. M.; Zhou, Z. L.; Hong, Y. F. (1993). "Studies on the phenolic derivatives from Galeola faberi Rolfe". Yao Xue Xue Bao = Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. 28 (10): 766–71. PMID 8009989.
- ^ Gong, J.; Ma, W.; Pu, J.; Xu, S.; Zheng, S.; Xiao, C. (2006). "Production of Gastrodin Through Biotransformation of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde Using Cell Suspension Cultures of Datura tatula L". Chinese Journal of Biotechnology. 22 (5): 800–804. doi:10.1016/S1872-2075(06)60056-3. PMID 17037205.
- ^ 国家药典委员会 (2015). "天麻 / GASTRODIAE RHIZOMA". 中国药典 (in Chinese). Vol. 1. p. 58. ISBN 978-7-5067-7337-9.
- ^ "Gastrodin Tablets (天麻素片) Monograph". drugs.dxy.cn.
- ^ Liu, Y; Gao, J; Peng, M; Meng, H; Ma, H; Cai, P; Xu, Y; Zhao, Q; Si, G (2018). "A Review on Central Nervous System Effects of Gastrodin". Frontiers in Pharmacology. 9: 24. doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00024. PMC 5801292. PMID 29456504.