The Gaturi (Harari: ጋቱሪ), also spelled as Gatouri are an extinct ethnic group that once inhabited present-day eastern Ethiopia.[1]
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| Languages | |
| Gaturi | |
| Religion | |
| Pagan?, Islam |
History
editAccording to Mohammed Hassen, the Gaturi were a Semitic-speaking people who resided in the region of mount Kundudo and Babile, the region that formed part of the little principality of Dawaro.[2] Historian Merid Wolde Aregay deduced that the Gaturi state language was Harari.[3]
The Harari chronicle states Abadir arrived at an Islamic region called Balad Gatur known later as Harar in the tenth or thirteenth century.[4][5] In Harar, Abadir encountered the Gaturi alongside the Harla and Argobba people.[6] Gaturi is claimed by one source to be a Harla sub clan.[7] According to another Harari tradition seven clans and villages united against a common adversary, including Gaturi, to form Harar city state.[8]
According to sixteenth century Adal writer Arab Faqīh, during the Ethiopian-Adal war, one of the leaders of the Muslim forces of Malassay was Amir Husain bin Abubaker al-Gaturi.[9] Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi designated Amir Husain al-Gaturi as governor of Dawaro region which was a border province of Abyssinia.[10]
Gaturi ceased to be mentioned in texts after the sixteenth century. Gaturi is today represented as a sub group of the Harari people and remains a Harari surname.[11][12]
Language
editThey spoke Gaturi language, possibly an extinct South Ethiopic grouping within the Semitic subfamily of the Afroasiatic languages and closely related to Harari and Argobba languages.[13]
See also
edit- Gafat people, an extinct ethnic group in western Ethiopia
References
edit- ^ Østebø, Terje (30 September 2011). Localising Salafism Religious Change Among Oromo Muslims in Bale, Ethiopia. BRILL. p. 46. ISBN 978-90-04-18478-7.
- ^ Hassan, Mohammed. Oromo of Ethiopia 1500 (PDF). University of London. p. 176.
- ^ Aregay, Merid (1974). Political Geography of Ethiopia at the beginning of the Sixteenth Century. Accademia nazionale dei Lincei. p. 624.
- ^ Abubaker, Abdulmalik. Trade For Peace Not For Conflict: Harari Experience (PDF). Haramaya University. p. 4.
- ^ Desplat, Patrick (2005). "The Articulation of Religious Identities and Their Boundaries in Ethiopia: Labelling Difference and Processes of Contextualization in Islam". Journal of Religion in Africa. 35 (4). Brill: 491. doi:10.1163/157006605774832171. JSTOR 27594354.
- ^ "Kopi Harar, Legenda Kedamaian yang Dicari Penyair Dunia". CNN Indonesia.
- ^ WONDIMU, ALEMAYEHU. A CULTURAL HISTORY OF THE HARARI PEOPLE (PDF). Jimma University. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-04-21.
- ^ Harar cultural page. Media and Communications Center. 2002. p. 501.
- ^ History of Harar (PDF). Harar Tourism Bureau. p. 57.
- ^ Feto, Jemal. A HISTORICAL SURVEY OF THE ISLAMIZATION OFARSI OROMO: WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON GADAB AREA,1935-2000 (PDF). Haramaya University. p. 30.
- ^ Østebø, Terje (17 April 2013). Muslim Ethiopia The Christian Legacy, Identity Politics, and Islamic Reformism. Springer. p. 182. ISBN 978-1-137-32209-8.
- ^ Braukämper, Ulrich (1977). "Islamic Principalities in Southeast Ethiopia Between the Thirteenth and Sixteenth Centuries (Part 1)". Ethiopianist Notes. 1 (1). Michigan State University Press: 37. JSTOR 42731359.
- ^ Hassan, Mohammed. Oromo of Ethiopia 1500 (PDF). University of London. p. 176.