George Eulan Howard (June 3, 1935 – November 21, 2018) was an American Hebraist, noted for his publication of an old Hebrew edition of Matthew. He was a full Professor Emeritus and Head of the Department of Religion and Hebrew (Ret.) at the University of Georgia, Athens, GA.[1][2][3] Howard also was a former President of the Society of Biblical Literature, Southeastern Region.[4]
George Eulan Howard | |
|---|---|
| Born | 3 June 1935 Holdenville, Oklahoma |
| Died | November 21, 2018 (aged 83) |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Biblical scholar |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater | Hebrew Union College |
| Thesis | The LXX Book of Amos (1963) |
| Academic work | |
| Discipline | New Testament scholar |
| Sub-discipline | New Testament and Early Christian Literature, Greek and Semitic Languages, Intertestamental Studies |
| Institutions | University of Georgia |
| Main interests | New Testament, Bible, Shem Tob's Hebrew Gospel of Matthew |
| Notable works | Hebrew Gospel of Matthew The Tetragram and the New Testament |
Life
editHoward was born in Holdenville, Oklahoma.[5]
Education
editHoward received a bachelor's degree from David Lipscomb College (Nashville) in 1957, a master's degree in theology from Harding School of Theology (Memphis) in 1961, and a PhD from Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion in 1964. He also studied at Vanderbilt and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.[6]
Academic work
editTeaching
editHe first taught at David Lipscomb College (from 1964 as Assistant Professor for Religion, 1967 Associate Professor) before moving to the University of Georgia in 1968 as Assistant Professor of Classics. There he was appointed Associate Professor for Religion in 1972 and (Full) Professor in 1978.
Organizations
editHoward was Treasurer of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies (IOSCS) from 1972 to 1974.[7] Due to Sidney Jellicoe's illness, Howard was temporarily editor of the Bulletin of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies,[7] and from 1973 to 1979 (Bulletin 6 through 12) Howard was editor of BIOSCS.[8] In the Society of Biblical Literature Howard was chairman from 1977 to 1979, a member of the editorial board from 1979 to 1981, president of the Southeastern region from 1980 to 1981 and vice president of the Southeastern region from 1982 to 1984.[citation needed]
Works
editTheses
edit- Howard, George (1959). An exegesis of Romans 11:25-26a: "and so shall all Israel be saved" (M.A. Thesis/dissertation. Harding College). OCLC 20374642.
- Howard, George (1963). The LXX Book of Amos (Ph.D Thesis/dissertation. Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, Cincinnati). Cincinnati. OCLC 959381671.
Books
edit- Howard, George (1971). Frank Cross and Recensional Criticism. Leiden, the International Organization of Old Testament Scholars. OCLC 17910892.
- Howard, George (1978). Paul: Crisis in Galatia: A Study in Early Christian Theology. Monograph series (Society for New Testament Studies). Vol. 35. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521217091. OCLC 3630483.[9]
- Labubnā bar Sennāḳ; George Howard (1981). The teaching of Addai. Texts and translations, no. 16.; Texts and translations., Early Christian literature series;, 4. Chico, Calif.: Scholars Press. ISBN 9780891304906. OCLC 7551329.
- אבן שפרוט, שם טוב; George Howard; Shem Ṭov Ibn Shapruṭ (1987). The Gospel of Matthew according to a primitive Hebrew text. Macon, Ga.: Mercer University Press. ISBN 9780865542501. OCLC 16352448.
- George Howard; Shem Ṭov Ibn Shapruṭ; Mazal Holocaust Collection (1995). Hebrew Gospel of Matthew (2 ed.). Macon, GA: Mercer University. ISBN 9780865544420. OCLC 32508844.[10][11][12][13][14][15]
Articles
edit- Howard, George (March 1977). "The Tetragram and the New Testament" (PDF). Journal of Biblical Literature. 96 (1). The Society of Biblical Literature: 63–83. doi:10.2307/3265328. JSTOR 3265328.
References
edit- ^ David Noel Freedman; Allen C. Myers (2000). Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 9789053565032.
- ^ "UGA Department of Religion Faculty List". Archived from the original on 2011-09-10. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ^ "George Howard". Department of Religion, University of Georgia.
- ^ "George Howard". Biblical Archaeology Society Online Archive. 25 May 2004. Retrieved 2021-06-06.
- ^ Biblical Archaeology Society (1993). Who's who in Biblical Studies and Archaeology (2nd ed.). Biblical Archaeology Society. p. 133. ISBN 9781880317068.
- ^ "Hebrew Gospel of Matthew. Second Edition". Retrieved 2021-06-06.
- ^ a b "Bulletin of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studios" (PDF). Letters in Canada. 1973.
- ^ Skehan, Patrick W. (1980). "The Divine Name at Qumran in the Masada Scroll and in the Septuagint" (PDF). Bulletin of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies. 13. The Catholic University of America: 14–44. ISSN 0145-3890.
- ^ p xvi "Book twelve of the treatise contains the entire Gospel of Matthew in Hebrew along with polemical comments by Shem-Tob ... A comparison of this old substratum with the canonical Greek text suggests that the Hebrew reflects a Jewish."
- ^ In "Hebrew Matthew," found in the 14th-century Hebrew work The Touchstone of Ibn Shaprut, Howard argues that parts of an original Hebrew text of the Gospel may be found. Some scholars, such as William Horbury (1999), reject this thesis and consider Ibn Shaprut's text to be a translation of a medieval Latin version into Hebrew.
- ^ Horbury Hebrew study from Ezra to Ben-Yehuda p128 "the Hebrew Matthew, mentioned above. 5 John Mill, in the Prolegomena to his 1707 edition of the New Testament, ... in the last few years, by George Howard. 8 Both concentrated on the du Tillet-Mercier text, but Howard also,"
- ^ Horbury W., Jews and Christians 2006 p40
- ^ Horbury review Journal of Jewish Studies 47 (1996)
- ^ Horbury Appendix in Matthew 19-28 ed. William David Davies, Dale C. Allison
- ^ Maurice Casey Aramaic Sources of Mark's Gospel 1998 Page 61 "Hebrew found in the Evan Bohan, a fourteenth-century Jewish anti-Christian treatise by Shem-Tob ben-Isaac ben-Shaprut.208 Howard's only points of substance are that some of the translation is older than the treatise of Shem-Tob, and that"