Field Marshal Sir George Howard KB, PC (17 June 1718 – 16 July 1796) was a British military officer and politician. After commanding the 3rd Regiment of Foot at the Battle of Fontenoy in May 1745 during the War of the Austrian Succession and after commanding that regiment again at the Battle of Falkirk Muir and the Battle of Culloden during the Jacobite Rebellion, he returned to the continent and fought at the Battle of Lauffeld. He went on to command a brigade at the Battle of Warburg during the Seven Years' War. He subsequently became the Governor of Minorca.
Sir George Howard | |
|---|---|
_George_Howard_(1718%E2%80%93_c.1796),_c.1762.jpg) Portrait of Sir George Howard | |
| Born | 17 June 1718 |
| Died | 16 July 1796 (aged 78) Grosvenor Square, London |
| Buried | |
| Allegiance |  Kingdom of Great Britain |
| Service |  British Army |
| Years of service | 1736–1796 |
| Rank | Field Marshal |
| Commands | 3rd Regiment of Foot |
| Battles / wars | War of the Austrian Succession Jacobite Rebellion Seven Years' War |
| Awards | Knight Companion of the Order of the Bath |
Military career
editBorn the son of Lieutenant General Thomas Howard and his wife Mary Howard (née Moreton, daughter of William Moreton, Bishop of Meath), Howard was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford and was commissioned as a lieutenant in his father's regiment (later the 24th Regiment of Foot) in 1736.[1] He was promoted to captain in 1737 and transferred to the 3rd Regiment of Foot in 1739.[2] Promoted to lieutenant colonel on 2 April 1744, he commanded the 3rd Regiment of Foot at the Battle of Fontenoy in May 1745 during the War of the Austrian Succession.[2]
Howard commanded the 3rd Regiment of Foot again, under the Duke of Cumberland, at the Battle of Falkirk Muir in January 1746 and the Battle of Culloden in April 1746 during the Jacobite Rebellion and was accused of treating the defeated highlanders unduly harshly.[2] He then returned to the continent and fought at the Battle of Lauffeld in July 1747.[2] He succeeded his father as colonel of the 3rd Regiment of Foot in August 1749.[3] He went on to take part in the Raid on Rochefort in September 1757 and, having been promoted to major-general on 24 January 1758,[4] he commanded a brigade, under the Marquess of Granby, at the Battle of Warburg in July 1760 during the Seven Years' War.[3] He was promoted to lieutenant-general on 14 March 1761.[5]
Howard became Member of Parliament (MP) for Lostwithiel in 1761 and, having been appointed a Knight Companion of the Bath in early 1763, he became colonel of the 7th (The Queen's Own) Regiment of Dragoons in August 1763.[3] He acquired Stoke Place in Buckinghamshire for use as a country home in 1764.[6]
Howard stood down from Parliament and became Governor of Minorca in 1766.[3] After retiring as Governor of Minorca, he became governor of the Royal Hospital Chelsea in February 1768[7] and was elected as Member of Parliament for Stamford that same year.[3]
Promoted to full general on 6 September 1777,[8] Howard became colonel of the 1st (The King's) Dragoon Guards in April 1779.[9] He was promoted to field marshal on 18 October 1793[10] and appointed to the honorary post of Governor of Jersey in July 1795.[11] He died at his London home in Grosvenor Square on 16 July 1796 and was buried at Great Bookham in Surrey.[3]
Family
edit
On 16 February 1747–8, Howard married Lady Lucy Wentworth (sister of William Wentworth, Earl of Strafford), under licence from the Bishop of London, at the King Street Chapel in St James's, Westminster:[12] they had one daughter Anne. After the death of his first wife, Howard married Elizabeth Beckford, the widow of Thomas Howard, 2nd Earl of Effingham; there were no children by the second marriage.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b "Sir George Howard". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13900. Retrieved 13 July 2014. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ a b c d Heathcote, p. 179
- ^ a b c d e f Heathcote, p. 180
- ^ "No. 9759". The London Gazette. 21 January 1758. p. 1.
- ^ "No. 10086". The London Gazette. 10 March 1761. p. 2.
- ^ "Parishes: Stoke Poges, A History of the County of Buckingham: Volume 3 (1925)". pp. 302–313. Retrieved 14 July 2014.
- ^ "Survey of London, volume 11, edited by Walter H. Godfrey (editor)". 1927. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
- ^ "No. 11802". The London Gazette. 2 September 1777. p. 2.
- ^ "No. 11972". The London Gazette. 20 April 1779. p. 2.
- ^ "No. 13582". The London Gazette. 15 October 1793. p. 913.
- ^ "No. 13796". The London Gazette. 14 July 1795. p. 747.
- ^ The Register of Marriages in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster. 1723-1754. 16 February 1747. n.b. the Julian calendar was still in operation so under the current calendar the year was 1748.
Sources
edit- Heathcote, Tony (1999). The British Field Marshals, 1736–1997: A Biographical Dictionary. Barnsley: Leo Cooper. ISBN 0-85052-696-5.
- . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.