George L. Trayser (1808 – 1881) was a Grand Duchy of Hesse-born American piano maker. He emigrated to the United States in 1849, and made pianos in Ripley, Ohio; Covington, Louisville, and Maysville, Kentucky; and Indianapolis and Richmond, Indiana. His pianos—due to their high quality and rich, resonant tone and responsive action—had a reputation as instruments suitable for school and concert work. Trayser's piano companies were eventually dissolved into the Starr Piano Company.
George L. Trayser | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1808 |
| Died | 1881 |
| Nationality | American |
| Spouse | Henriette Koerner |
| Parent(s) | Johanna Philipp and Catherine Margaretha Dickerhoff Trayser |
| Signature | |
 | |
Early life (1808–1865)
editTrayser was born in 1808 in Hesse-Darmstadt, Prussia which later became Darmstadt, Germany. Trayser apprenticed in piano making in German piano factories near Darmstadt. He married in Germany, and two sons were born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland: Frederick L. was born in 1840 and Paul was born in 1842. Trayser owned a piano company in Switzerland.[1]
The family emigrated to the United States in 1849 and settled initially in Newport, Kentucky.[2] [3]Trayser started a small factory in Covington, Kentucky (Traeyser & Co.), and had Morse & Guernsey as consignment agents in Louisville, Kentucky in 1851.[2] Trayser was granted his first patent for an upright piano in Cincinnati in 1853.[4] Trayser traded in and repaired pianos.[5] At some point the spelling of the original family surname of "Traeyser" was changed to "Trayser", likely at the time of naturalization if not earlier.
His younger brother Phillip Trayser, who lived in Baltimore, signed a guarantee for $1,000 in October 1853.[6] Trayser struggled financially and was insolvent 1854-1856. There were lawsuits about his debts until 1862.[2] John A. Skiff was a sales agent for Skiff & Trayser pianos in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1854.[2] In 1857, the Covington, Kentucky factory was destroyed in a fire, and Trayser moved to Louisville, Kentucky.[2]
In 1858, Trayser was a witness in an extensive church dispute in Louisville, Kentucky.[2] It was apparent that customers took advantage of Trayser, especially in written contracts, because Trayser did not yet read English. He was competent to hear and speak English in the trial.
Trayser moved to Indianapolis in 1859. He paid a manufacturing license tax to the state of Indiana in May 1864 in Indianapolis.[7] He also partnered with Col. William J. H. Robinson to form Trayser, Robinson & Co. in 1865.
Building pianos (1865–1876)
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His pianos—due to their high quality and rich, resonant tone and responsive action—had a reputation as instruments suitable for school and concert work.[8]
Trayser moved the family to Maysville, Kentucky in 1865 and founded the Trayser Piano Forte Co. Milo J. Chase was the President and General Manager, and G. Bambach, Jr. was Secretary. George Trayser made and supervised construction of the pianos. Trayser also sold his pianos in Ripley, Ohio until 1871,[9] having moved his family there by 1870.[10]
George L. Trayser became a naturalized US citizen in 1866. Trayser was granted another patent for upright piano in Indianapolis in 1867[11] and established the "Ohio Valley Piano-Forte Company" and manufactured "Valley Gem" pianos for Cincinnati, Ohio manufacturer D. H. Baldwin. Eventually, Trayser moved his family to Richmond, Indiana except for his son Frederick, who lived most of his life in Maysville, Kentucky. By 1872, Trayser had moved to Richmond, Indiana and began the "Trayser Piano Company."[1]
In 1873 Frederick Trayser was granted a patent for piano action in Maysville. He was listed in the Maysville city directory in 1876.[12] In 1875 George Trayser was granted another piano patent in Richmond.[13] In 1876 the family resided at 43 N. Pearl, while the Trayser Piano Company was at 145 N. 5th.[14] In a blind vote contest in Cincinnati on 10 June 1876, there were 73 votes for Trayser and 43 for Steinway.[15] In a blind vote contest at Lyceum Hall in Richmond on 8 September 1876, the vote was 120 for Trayser and 70 for Steinway.[16]
Growing the companies (1876–1881)
editIn October 1876 the Trayser Piano Company of Richmond, Indiana had rooms in Lyceum Hall for offices and warerooms, sharing those rooms with Hoosier Organ Co. and Professor Rhu, music teacher.[17] In October 1876 construction began on a new piano factory. It was 80' x 125' and 3.5 stories built in the location of the old woolen mills.[18] In September 1877 the Valley Gem of Ripley, Ohio merged into Trayser Piano Company (including M. J. Chase and 16 workmen).[19] The Trayser Piano Company made the Trayser upright, the Valley Gem Scale and the Chase Square Grand.
November 1877 marked the opening of the Trayser-Chase ware rooms at Main and Pearl in Richmond.[20] George Trayser withdrew from making pianos in 1878 at age 70. In 1878 the family resided at 85 S. 6th,[21] while in 1879 the family resided at 45 N. Washington.[22] His son Paul started the Richmond Piano Company in 1879.[1]
Successors (1878–1950)
editIn 1878 the Trayser Piano Company was subsumed into the Chase Piano Company in Richmond. In 1884 the Chase Piano Company became the James M Starr & Company and by 1893 all the above companies, including the Richmond Piano Company and excluding the "Ohio Valley Piano Company" which was sold to D.H. Baldwin, merged into the Starr Piano Company.[23][1] This company continued making pianos in Richmond under the names Starr, Trayser, Duchess, Richmond, Remington, Chase, among many others, until the 1950s.[24]
Military service
editPaul Trayser served in the Civil War as a bugler in a Kentucky regiment. An obituary states Paul had been present at the siege of Richmond.[25]
Death and legacy
editGeorge Trayser died in 1881 in Richmond, Indiana, at the age of 73. Trayser is best known for making pianos.
Gallery
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A Trayser upright piano built about 1875 -
The Trayser logo, just above the keyboard, 1875 -
The first Trayser Piano Company factory, 1877 -
Phillip P. Trayser (1811-1895), George's younger brother, 1893 -
Starr piano factory, 1893 -
Wood curing for years before Starr piano, 1903 -
ad in Richmond paper, 1865 -
ad in Fort Worth paper, 1911 -
ad in Idaho paper, 1913 -
ad in Cleveland paper, 1918
References
edit- ^ a b c d "Trayser - Antique Piano Shop". 5 September 2017. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f Ford, Samuel Howard (1859). "Louisville Church Dispute".
- ^ "George Tracyser in the 1850 United States Federal Census". Ancestry.com. 2009. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
- ^ U.S. Government Patent Office, patent 9640, 29 March 1853
- ^ "Second-Hand Pianos". The Cincinnati Daily Star. Cincinnati, Ohio. 27 August 1875. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
- ^ Baltimore Sun, 24 January 1864
- ^ Indiana Tax Rolls, May 1864
- ^ "Trayser Pianos". The Big Sandy News. Louisville, Kentucky. 14 August 1914. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
- ^ Richmond Palladium-Item, 11 February 1991, p. A7
- ^ "Entry for George Trayser and Susan Trayser, 1870". FamilySearch. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
- ^ U.S. Government Patent Office, patent 66653, 9 Jul 1867
- ^ Maysville City Directory, 1876
- ^ U.S. Government Patent Office, patent 169386, 2 Nov 1875
- ^ Richmond City Directory, 1876
- ^ Cincinnati Daily Times, 10 June 1876
- ^ Richmond Telegram, 8 September 1876
- ^ Richmond Telegram, 6 October 1876
- ^ Richmond Telegram, 27 October 1876
- ^ Richmond Telegram, 21 September 1877
- ^ Richmond Palladium, 16 November 1877
- ^ Richmond City Directory, 1878
- ^ Richmond City Directory, 1879
- ^ Richmond Item, 15 November 1925
- ^ "Starr - Antique Piano Shop". 4 September 2017. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ "Federal Trooper Dies". Commercial Appeal. 9 November 1922.
External links
edit- The Starr-Gennett Foundation Archived 16 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine has a history of Starr Piano Company and its successors.
- George Trayser: a Family Tribute has clippings of above newspaper sources, as well as many more photos.
