U-120 may refer to one of the following German submarines:
- SM U-120, a Type UE II submarine launched in 1918 that served in the First World War and was surrendered in 1918
- During the First World War, Germany also had this submarine with a similar name:
- SM UB-120, a Type UB III submarine launched in 1918 and surrendered in 1918
- During the First World War, Germany also had this submarine with a similar name:
- German submarine U-120 (1940), a Type IIB submarine that served in the Second World War and was scuttled on 2 May 1945