Gheorghe Răscănescu (30 January 1900 – 1967) was a Romanian officer during World War II.
Gheorghe Răscănescu | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | January 30, 1900 Crăcăoani, Neamț County, Kingdom of Romania |
| Died | 1967 (aged 66–67) Ploiești, Romanian People's Republic |
| Allegiance |  Kingdom of Romania |
| Service | Army |
| Years of service | 1922–1946 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Commands | 1st Battalion of 15th Regiment 3rd Regiment of 2nd Armored Division |
| Battles / wars | |
| Awards | Order of the Crown (Romania) Order of Michael the Brave Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |
| Alma mater | Military School for Infantry Officers |
He was born in Crăcăoani, Neamț County. After completing elementary school in his native village, he attended from 1912 to 1918 the Petru Rareș High School in Piatra Neamț. In 1920 he enrolled in the Military School for Infantry Officers in Sibiu, graduating in 1922 with the rank of second lieutenant. In 1926 he was promoted to lieutenant, and in 1935 to captain. In 1940 he received the command of the 1st Battalion of the 15th Dorobanți Regiment, being promoted to the rank of major.[1]
After Romania entered World War II on the side of the Axis, Răscănescu fought on the Eastern Front against the Soviet Red Army. During the Siege of Odessa, his battalion was one of the first units that entered the city, on October 16, 1941.[2] He then fought with the 6th Division of the Romanian Third Army, under the command of General Mihail Lascăr. After the Romanian front was broken in November 1942 at the Battle of Stalingrad, Răscănescu and his battalion managed to escape encirclement, being the only formation of Lascăr's division to do so. Covering a distance of 140 km (87 mi) in three nights and one day, the battalion succeeded in getting to the Chir River with all its soldiers and equipment, and prevented the Soviet 8th Cavalry Division from capturing the vital German airfield at Oblivskaya from November 26 to December 3.[1] He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany[3] and of the Order of Michael the Brave, 3rd Class for his actions at the Battle of Stalingrad.[2]
In June 1943 he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel and assigned to the 3rd Vânători de munte Regiment of the 2nd Armored Division. During the Second Jassy–Kishinev offensive of August 1944, he fought to defend the Pașcani–Roman railway against the Red Army onslaught. After Romania switched sides in the wake of the coup d'état of August 23, 1944, he fought in the fall of 1944 in Transylvania against the retreating German troops. He was promoted to the rank of colonel in February 1946, backdated to June 1945.[4]
In July 1958 he was arrested by the Communist authorities, and he was sentenced in February 1959 to 10 years of forced labor for "trying to overthrow the political order." Incarcerated at Gherla Prison, he was released in November 1960.[2] He died of a heart attack in Ploiești in 1967.
Răscănescu's memoirs were published posthumously, in 2017.[2][1]
Awards
edit- Order of the Crown of Romania, Knight rank (8 June 1940)[5]
- Order of the Crown of Romania, Officer rank (5 August 1941)
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (4 December 1942)[3] (the lowest in rank foreign recipient of this decoration)
- Order of Michael the Brave, 3rd Class (31 March 1943), Romania's highest military decoration
References
edit- ^ a b c Rășcănescu, Gheorghe (2017). Erou la Cotul Donului: însemnări din război 1941–1944. Adrian Pandea, Dan Călinescu. București: Editura Militară. ISBN 978-973-32-1046-7. OCLC 1019650555.
- ^ a b c d Bichir, Florian (May 30, 2017). "Execuția Mareșalului. Cum a început bolșevizarea Armatei Române!". Evenimentul Zilei (in Romanian). Retrieved December 25, 2021.
- ^ a b Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
- ^ Decretul Regal nr. 197 din 23 ianuarie 1946 pentru înaintări în armată (in Romanian), vol. CXIV, Monitorul Oficial, February 11, 1946, p. I-1.042
- ^ Decretul Regal nr. 1.906 din 8 iunie 1940 pentru numiri de membri ai ordinului "Coroana României" (in Romanian), vol. CVIII, Monitorul Oficial, June 8, 1940, p. I-2.794
External links
edit- "Personalități ale Ținutului Neamț (V). Gheorghe Răscănescu, eroul de la Stalingrad". neamt24.ro (in Romanian). November 14, 2018. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
