Giera (Hungarian: Gyér; German: Gier; Serbian: Ђир, romanized: Đir) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Giera (commune seat), Grănicerii and Toager.
Giera | |
|---|---|
 Location in Timiș County | |
  Giera Location in Romania | |
| Coordinates: 45°24′N 21°0′E / 45.400°N 21.000°E | |
| Country | Romania |
| County | Timiș |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2024) | Radu Vicol[1] (PSD) |
| Area | 91 km2 (35 sq mi) |
| Population (2021-12-01)[3] | 1,131 |
| • Density | 12/km2 (32/sq mi) |
| Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
| Postal code | 307215–307217 |
| Vehicle reg. | TM |
History
edit
The first recorded mention of Giera dates from 1322, when it was a property of the Csanád clan;[4] Tivadar Vejtehi donated it to his son-in-law Omori Gál.[5] At the 1717 census, in Giera there were 12 houses inhabited by Serbs and an Orthodox church (built since 1667).[5] They settled here during the 17th century. From 1795, the domain (including Toager, Grănicerii and Livezile) came into the possession of the Gyertyánffy family, a Hungarian noble family of Armenian origin, taking the name Gyér.[6] In 1829, Lukács Gyertyánffy built a mansion in Giera, near the grain storehouse (now a historical monument), built in turn by Andor Gyertyánffy; the mansion is preserved to this day.[6] The Gyertyánffys also owned a grove called Gradinaț (Hungarian: Grádácz), where an Avar ring and a Turkish fortress were later unearthed.[5]
Demographics
editReligious composition (2011)[8]
Giera had a population of 1,239 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 6% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (65.54%), larger minorities being represented by Hungarians (17.03%), Roma (7.99%), Serbs (4.52%) and Germans (1.69%). For 2.99% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[7] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (68.2%), but there are also minorities of Roman Catholics (20.82%), Serbian Orthodox (4.44%), Pentecostals (1.29%) and Baptists (1.13%). For 2.99% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[8]
| Census[9] | Ethnic composition | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Population | Romanians | Hungarians | Germans | Roma | Serbs |
| 1880 | 2,888 | 834 | 353 | 1,290 | – | 397 |
| 1890 | 3,442 | 837 | 588 | 1,550 | – | 458 |
| 1900 | 3,504 | 850 | 668 | 1,514 | – | 457 |
| 1910 | 3,483 | 943 | 652 | 1,345 | – | 527 |
| 1920 | 3,461 | 875 | 732 | 1,362 | – | – |
| 1930 | 3,221 | 1,045 | 493 | 1,260 | 1 | 404 |
| 1941 | 3,261 | 1,177 | 560 | 1,147 | – | – |
| 1956 | 2,473 | 856 | 520 | 764 | – | 317 |
| 1966 | 2,185 | 774 | 512 | 652 | – | 244 |
| 1977 | 1,697 | 750 | 414 | 349 | 11 | 170 |
| 1992 | 1,228 | 719 | 303 | 43 | 64 | 97 |
| 2002 | 1,321 | 855 | 276 | 32 | 88 | 64 |
| 2011 | 1,239 | 812 | 211 | 21 | 99 | 56 |
References
edit- ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "Primăria Giera". Ghidul Primăriilor.
- ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
- ^ Szabó, M. Attila (2003). Erdély, Bánság és Partium történeti és közigazgatási helységnévtára. Miercurea Ciuc: Pro-Print Kiadó.
- ^ a b c Reiszig, Ede (1912). "Torontál vármegye községei". In Borovszky, Samu (ed.). Magyarország vármegyéi és városai. Budapest: Országos Monografia Társaság.
- ^ a b "Depozitul de cereale din Giera". Prin Banat. 22 April 2014.
- ^ a b "Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică. Archived from the original on 2016-01-18. Retrieved 2021-10-09.
- ^ a b "Tab13. Populația stabilă după religie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică. Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2021-10-09.
- ^ Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2021-10-09.