Gilbert Earl Patterson (September 22, 1939[1] – March 20, 2007[2]) was an American Holiness Pentecostal leader and pastor who served as the founding pastor of the Temple of Deliverance COGIC Cathedral of Bountiful Blessings, one of the largest COGIC Churches in the Eastern United States, from 1975 to 2007. He also served as the Presiding Bishop the Church of God in Christ (COGIC), Incorporated, a 6 million-member Holiness Pentecostal denomination, that has now grown to become one of the largest predominantly African American Pentecostal denominations in the United States, from 2000 to 2007.[3][4] Bishop Patterson was the second youngest person to ever be elected Presiding Bishop of COGIC at the age of 60 in 2000, second to his predeceased uncle Bishop J. O. Patterson, Sr., who was 56 when he was elected Presiding Bishop in 1968.[5][6] Patterson was famously known across many Christian denominations for being an educated Pentecostal-Charismatic preacher and theologian, and known for his eloquent and musically charismatic preaching style, which was often featured on his church's television broadcasts through BET and the Word Network.[7][8]
Gilbert E. Patterson | |
|---|---|
| Church | Temple of Deliverance Church of God in Christ |
| In office | 1975 - 2007 (Pastor)
1988 – 2007 (Bishop) 2000 – 2007 (Presiding Bishop) |
| Predecessor | Bishop Chandler D. Owens |
| Successor | Charles Edward Blake, Sr. |
| Personal details | |
| Born | September 22, 1939 Humboldt, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Died | March 20, 2007 (aged 67) Memphis, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Spouse | Louise Dowdy Patterson (January 27, 1938 - November 20, 2022) |
| Occupation | Presiding Bishop, Church of God in Christ, Pastor, Televangelist, Singer |
On March 28, 2007, the United States Senate passed a resolution celebrating the life of Patterson. The sponsors were Senators Barack Obama, Carl Levin, John Kerry, Lamar Alexander and Bob Corker.[9]
Early years and education
editPatterson was born in Humboldt, Tennessee on September 22, 1939, to William Archie and Mary Louise Williams Patterson. His family was living in Mississippi at the time, but shortly after in 1941, they moved to Memphis so his father could serve at the Holy Temple, a COGIC church. His father was a COGIC minister, which later led to his own involvement in the church. G.E. Patterson regularly attended church. He accepted and affirmed COGIC traditions and teachings. In 1952, his family moved to Detroit, Michigan so his father could serve at the New Jerusalem COGIC.[10] A few years later in 1958, Patterson decided to attend Detroit Bible College. He also attended LeMoyne-Owen College in Memphis and held an honorary doctorate from Oral Roberts University.[11] After completing his education he returned to Memphis to co-pastor with his father in 1961.
Career
editPatterson served in ministry for 50 years before dying of heart failure due to complications from Prostate cancer in 2007 at the age of 67.[12] During his time as a minister, he led the largest Pentecostal religious group in the nation consisting of 5.5 million members.[13] In 1975, he resigned as a pastor in the COGIC after a dispute between his father and J.O. Patterson, his uncle. This caused him to part ways with the denomination. G.E. Patterson wanted to continue ministry outside of the COGIC, which led him to renovating a church in Memphis Tennessee that he named the Temple of Deliverance. His funeral was later held here. This church grew rapidly and had numerous members. The Temple of Deliverance allowed Patterson to hold close to his Pentecostal roots and black holiness.[10] In 1986, he rejoined the COGIC and reconnected with the denomination after his uncle reached out to settle the feud. This same year, Patterson was ordained as a bishop. His ability to preach simple and understandable messages made him appealing to all age groups. At one point, he was the only COGIC minister with an international audience. He reached an extensive audience through radio ministry and had 15-20 million people watch his Sunday television broadcasts.
In 1992, Patterson was elected as a general board member of COGIC. In the last seven years of his life, from 2000 to 2007, he served as the presiding bishop. Elections for this role occurred every four years. He was also annually named as one of the Power 150 Religious Leaders by Ebony Magazine, for several years until his death in 2007, alongside fellow COGIC Bishop, Bishop Charles E. Blake, who would actually succeed Patterson as Presiding Bishop of the COGIC denomination. Patterson was also the editor and publisher of the Bountiful Blessings Magazine, which had a distribution list of over 100,000.[14] His book 'Here Comes the Judge: Finding Freedom for The Promised Land", a Christian theological book he wrote about submitting and surrendering your life to the sovereignty of God as a Christian believer, comparing doing so to Moses and the Israelites from the Old Testament, received high praise and sold thousands of copies.
Civil Rights involvement
editPatterson was deeply involved in the Memphis Sanitation Workers Strike in 1968. This is notable due to COGIC members having had a reputation for being disconnected from the Civil Rights Movements of the 1950s and 1960s at the time. He was a founder of COME, Memphis Community on the Move for Equality, which played a powerful role in the strike. Patterson encouraged Memphis to support the strike through his radio broadcasts. His involvement in the strike demonstrated the amplitude of diverse grassroots black activists that exercised collective agency in order to pursue freedom as well as justice for oppressed and marginalized communities, especially during the African American Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s .[10]
References
edit- ^ "ProductInfo". Archived from the original on August 12, 2017. Retrieved March 21, 2007.
- ^ "EURweb.com – Black Entertainment | Black News | Urban News | Hip Hop News". Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved April 3, 2007.
- ^ Courey, David J. (February 26, 2015). What Has Wittenberg to Do with Azusa?: Luther's Theology of the Cross and Pentecostal Triumphalism. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 227. ISBN 978-0-567-65631-5.
The controversy led to the emergence of three-step Holiness Pentecostal denominations (the Church of God, Cleveland, TN; the Pentecostal Holiness Church and the Church of God in Christ) and two-step, Finished Work denominations (the Assemblies of God and the Pentecostal Assemblies of Canada).
- ^ Anderson, Allan (May 13, 2004). An Introduction to Pentecostalism: Global Charismatic Christianity. Cambridge University Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-521-53280-8.
Those who resisted Durham's teaching and remained in the 'three-stage' camp were Seymour, Crawford and Parham, and Bishops Charles H. Mason, A.J. Tomlinson and J.H. King, respectively leaders of the Church of God in Christ, the Church of God (Cleveland) and the Pentecostal Holiness Church. Tomlinson and King each issued tirades against the 'finished work' doctrine in their periodicals, but by 1914 some 60 percent of all North American Pentecostals had embraced Durham's position. ... The 'Finished Work' controversy was only the first of many subsequent divisions in North American Pentecostalism. Not only did Pentecostal churches split over the question of sanctification as a distinct experience, but a more fundamental and acrimonious split erupted in 1916 over the doctrine of the Trinity. ... The 'New Issue' was a schism in the ranks of the 'Finished Work' Pentecostals that began as a teaching that the correct formula for baptism is 'in the name of Jesus' and developed into a dispute about the Trinity. It confirmed for Holiness Pentecostals that they should have no further fellowship with the 'Finished Work' Pentecostals, who were in 'heresy'.
- ^ Hevesi, Dennis (March 22, 2007). "Bishop G. E. Patterson, 67, Who Led Church of God in Christ, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
- ^ "Bountiful Blessings". bbless.org. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
- ^ "COGIC Bishop G.E. Patterson Dies at 67". MemphisFlyer. Retrieved September 2, 2024.
- ^ "Thousands pay final respects to Bishop G.E. Patterson". www.actionnews5.com. March 31, 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2024.
- ^ http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=110_cong_bills&docid=f:sr133ats.txt 110th Congress, 1st session S RES 133
- ^ a b c Chism, Jonathan (2019). ""Others Unidentified": Uncovering Gilbert Earl Patterson's Contributions to the Memphis Sanitation Workers Strike, 1968". Tennessee Historical Quarterly. 78 (2): 148–185. ISSN 0040-3261. JSTOR 27148581.
- ^ Johnson, Birgitta J. (October 16, 2013), "Church of God in Christ, Inc", Oxford Music Online, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.a2248894, ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0, retrieved October 10, 2023
- ^ "Church of God In Christ Leader G.E. Patterson Dies". Johnson Publishing. 111. 2007.
- ^ "Bishop C. H. Mason, Church of God in Christ", African American Religious History, Duke University Press, pp. 314–324, 2000, doi:10.1215/9780822396031-035, ISBN 978-0-8223-2426-3, retrieved October 10, 2023
- ^ "Bishop G.E. Patterson Elected New Leader Of Church Of God In Christ". Chicago: Johnson Publishing. 99. 2000.