Gilstrap is a surname. The name may refer to:
- Person
- Bob Gilstrap (born 1974), American mixed martial artist
- Chena Gilstrap (died 2002), American college football coach
- Gilstrap baronets, short-lived United Kingdom baronetcy of one baronet (1887–96)
- Harriet Patrick Gilstrap (1870–1974), American educator and pioneer
- Hunter Gilstrap (born 1983), American professional soccer player
- James Rodney Gilstrap (born 1957), American judge, U.S. District Judge, Eastern District of Texas
- Jim Gilstrap (born ~1948), American singer
- Jim Gilstrap (coach) (1942–2007), American professional football coach
- Mark Gilstrap (born 1952), American politician, Kansas state legislator
- Places