Glutaminase deficiency

Glutaminase deficiency
Glutaminase deficiency
	Glutaminase deficiency is inherited via an autosomal recessive manner
Causes	Mutation in GLS gene

Glutaminase deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that presents in childhood.^[1] It is associated with epilepsy and usually results in an early demise.

Presentation

This condition is characterised by refractory seizures, respiratory failure, brain abnormalities and death in the neonatal period.

Genetics

This condition is caused by mutations in the glutaminase (GLS) gene. The inheritance of this condition is autosomal recessive. Milder cases have been reported due a mutation in the 5' region of the gene.^[2]

Diagnosis

This diagnosis is made by sequencing the GLS gene. There is presently no curative treatment. Management is supportive.

Epidemiology

The prevalence is not known but this is considered to be a rare disease. As of 2019 only seven cases have been reported.

This condition was first described in 2018.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b Rumping L, Büttner B, Maier O, Rehmann H, Lequin M, Schlump JU, Schmitt B, Schiebergen-Bronkhorst B, Prinsen HCMT, Losa M, Fingerhut R, Lemke JR, Zwartkruis FJT, Houwen RHJ, Jans JJM, Verhoeven-Duif NM, van Hasselt PM, Jamra R (2018) Identification of a loss-of-function mutation in the context of glutaminase deficiency and neonatal epileptic encephalopathy. JAMA Neurol
^ van Kuilenburg ABP, Tarailo-Graovac M, Richmond PA, Drögemöller BI, Pouladi MA, Leen R, Brand-Arzamendi K, Dobritzsch D, Dolzhenko E, Eberle MA, Hayward B, Jones MJ, Karbassi F, Kobor MS, Koster J1, Kumari D, Li M, MacIsaac J, McDonald C, Meijer J, Nguyen C, Rajan-Babu IS, Scherer SW, Sim B, Trost B, Tseng LA, Turkenburg M, van Vugt JJFA, Veldink JH, Walia J, Wang Y, van Weeghel M, Wright GEB1, Xu X, Yuen RKC1, Zhang J, Ross CJ, Wasserman WW, Geraghty MT, Santra S, Wanders RJA, Wen XY, Waterham HR, Usdin K, van Karnebeek CDM (2019) glutaminase deficiency caused by short tandem repeat expansion in GLS. N Engl J Med 380(15):1433-1441

[Rumping2018-1] Rumping L, Büttner B, Maier O, Rehmann H, Lequin M, Schlump JU, Schmitt B, Schiebergen-Bronkhorst B, Prinsen HCMT, Losa M, Fingerhut R, Lemke JR, Zwartkruis FJT, Houwen RHJ, Jans JJM, Verhoeven-Duif NM, van Hasselt PM, Jamra R (2018) Identification of a loss-of-function mutation in the context of glutaminase deficiency and neonatal epileptic encephalopathy. JAMA Neurol

[van_Kuilenburg2019-2] van Kuilenburg ABP, Tarailo-Graovac M, Richmond PA, Drögemöller BI, Pouladi MA, Leen R, Brand-Arzamendi K, Dobritzsch D, Dolzhenko E, Eberle MA, Hayward B, Jones MJ, Karbassi F, Kobor MS, Koster J1, Kumari D, Li M, MacIsaac J, McDonald C, Meijer J, Nguyen C, Rajan-Babu IS, Scherer SW, Sim B, Trost B, Tseng LA, Turkenburg M, van Vugt JJFA, Veldink JH, Walia J, Wang Y, van Weeghel M, Wright GEB1, Xu X, Yuen RKC1, Zhang J, Ross CJ, Wasserman WW, Geraghty MT, Santra S, Wanders RJA, Wen XY, Waterham HR, Usdin K, van Karnebeek CDM (2019) glutaminase deficiency caused by short tandem repeat expansion in GLS. N Engl J Med 380(15):1433-1441

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