Gorm Field

Gorm
Gorm
	Location of Gorm
Country	Denmark
Region	North Sea
Block	5504/15; 5504/16
Offshore/onshore	Offshore
Coordinates	55°34′N 4°47′E / 55.567°N 4.783°E
Operator	TotalEnergies
Field history
Discovery	1971
Start of production	1981
Production
Producing formations	Danian and Upper Cretaceous chalk

Gorm is a natural gas and oilfield in the Danish Sector of North Sea. It was discovered in 1971 and is the largest oilfield exploited by Denmark.^[1] The production infrastructure consists of five bridge-linked platforms^[2] and is operated by BlueNord. The facilities include two wellhead platforms and several processing platforms. The Rolf and Dagmar fields are satellites to Gorm.

Reservoir

The reservoir properties of the Gorm field are as shown.

Properties of Gorm reservoir^[3]
Property	Value
Block	5504/16
Production horizon	Upper cretaceous Danian chalk
Field delineation, km²	63
Reservoir depth, feet	6,600 to 7,200
Hydrocarbon column, feet	500
Density °API	33.5
Gas / oil ratio	1789
Sulphur content %	0.2
Porosity %	27-35
Total reserves oil, million barrels	110-600
Total reserves gas, billion cubic feet	353

Infrastructure

Installations

The installations developed for the Gorm field were as follows. The water depth at the site is 39 metres.^[3]

Gorm field installations
Platforms	Coordinates	Function	Type	Legs	Substructure weight, t	Topsides weight, t	Well slots	Installed	Production start	Production to
Gorm A	55.579105N 4.757856E	Drilling & wellhead	Steel jacket	4	1080	1100	9	September 1979	May 1981	Gorm C
Gorm B	55.578531N 4.757625E	Drilling & wellhead	Steel jacket	4	1080	945	9	December 1979	March 1982	Gorm C
Gorm C	55.579641N 4.758695E	Processing & accommodation (97 beds)	Steel jacket	8	3500	10,200	–	July 1980	May 1981	Gorm E
Gorm D	55.579041N 4.750050E	Flare tower	Steel jacket	3	750	220	–	February 1981	–
Gorm E (owned by DONG oil pipe A/S)	55.580749N 4.759857E	Riser and pumping	Steel jacket	4	1634	3900	–	April May 1982		Gas to Tyra (14 inch pipeline), condensate to onshore (20 inch pipeline)
Gorm F	55.578398N 4.757050E	Well head, processing	Steel jacket		2000	11000		1991

In 2014 there were 32 oil production wells, one gas injection well, and 14 water injection wells.^[4]

Pipelines

A number of pipelines transport fluids to and from the Gorm field. The Skjold, Rolf and Dagmar fields are satellites of Gorn

Gorm field pipelines^[5]
From	To	Fluid	Length, km	Diameter, inches	Note
Skjold B	Gorm F	Oil, gas & water	12	12
Skjold A	Gorm A	Oil, gas & water	11	12
Rolf	Gorm E	Oil, gas & water	17	8
Dagmar	Gorm F	Oil, gas & water	9	8
Gorm E	Rolf	Gas	17	3
Gorm F	Skjold A	Injection water	12	12
Gorm D	Skjold A	Gas	11	6
Gorm E	Tyra E	Gas	16	18
Gorm E	Fredericia shore terminal	Oil	330	20	Capacity = 270,000 barrels per day
Gorm E	CALM (see note)	Oil		12	Decommissioned
Gorm E	CALM	Oil		12	Decommissioned

Note. CALM = Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring; buoys used to load ships with oil before the export pipeline was available.

Production

The original design production rate for the process facilities on Gorm C was 60,000 barrels of oil per day (bopd). The design gas injection rate was 84 mmscfd (million standard cubic feet per day). The pumping platform Gorm C had a design throughput of 90,000 bopd.^[3]

The production strategy is to maintain reservoir pressure through water injection.^[4]

The production data for the Gorm field is shown in the following table. Production and injection numbers are cumulative rates up to 1 January 2014. About 400 barrels per day (64 m³/d) of crude oil from the nearby Rolf oil field are processed on the Gorm platforms.^[6]

Gorm field production^[4]
Parameter	Value
Oil production wells	32
Gas injection wells	1
Water injection wells	14
Oil production, million m³	60.79
Gas production, billion Nm³	15.74
Produced water, million m³	80.35
Water injection, million m³	137.83
Gas injection, billion Nm³	8.16
Oil reserves, million m³	3.0
Gas reserved, billion Nm³	0.3

In 2014 the annual production was 6.3 million barrels of oil and 3,677 million standard cubic feet of gas (104 million m³ gas).^[5]

Incidents

An oil leak occurred in the field on 2 March 2011.^[7]^[6]

Dagmar and Rolf fields

The Dagmar and Rolf fields are satellites to the Gorm installations. The characteristics of the fields are as follows.

Dagmar and Rolf fields^[4]^[5]
Field	Dagmar	Rolf
Prospect	East Rosa	Mid Rosa
Reservoir	Chalk and Dolomite	Chalk
Geological age	Danian, Upper Cretaceous and Zechstein	Danian and Upper Cretaceous
Coordinates	55.576474°N 4.618248°E	55.605986°N 4.491481°E
Block	5504/15	5504/14 & 15
Reservoir depth	1,400 m	1,800 m
Field delineation	50 km²	22 km²
Reserves
Discovered	1983	1981

The fields are developed through two offshore installations as shown.

Dagmar and Rolf installations^[4]^[5]
Field	Dagmar	Rolf
Production start	1991	1986
Water depth	34 m	40 m
Installation	Fixed steel no helideck	Fixed steel
Function	Wellheads no processing	Wellheads no processing
Substructure weight tonnes	500	1,400
Topsides weight tonnes	532	1,900
Number of wells	2	3
Status	Shut in 2006 & 2007	Producing (2022)
Export, well fluids	9 km 8-inch pipeline to Gorm F	17 km 8-inch pipeline to Gorm E
Import, lift gas	-	17 km 3-inch pipeline from Gorm E

The oil production profile of the Dagmar and Rolf fields (in 1000 cubic metres) is as shown.

Rolf and Dagmar annual oil production (1000 m³) 1986-2004^[8]
Year	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004
Rolf	469	634	396	395	271	293	304	176	100	130	113	96	92	77	83	51	51	104	107
Dagmar						475	305	67	33	35	23	17	13	10	8	4	6	7	2

Rolf and Dagmar annual oil production (1000 m³) 2005-2022^[8]
Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	Total
Rolf	79	89	103	78	76	60	1				78	75	54	47	58	45	45	48	4876
Dagmar	0			0															1005

References

^ Glennie, K. W. (1998). Petroleum geology of the North Sea: basic concepts and recent advances. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 30, 343. ISBN 978-0-632-03845-9.
^ "The Gorm Centre". Danish Energy Agency. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2011-03-15.
^ ^a ^b ^c Oilfield Publications Limited (1985). The North Sea Platform Guide. Ledbury: Oilfield Publications Limited. pp. 264–75.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Danish Energy Agency (2024). "Oil and gas in Denmark 2013" (PDF).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Non-Technical Summary (NTS) of the Environmental and Social Impact Statement (ESIS) for the GORM project" (PDF). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Update: Oil observed in the Danish North Sea near Maersk Oil platforms". Maersk Oil. 2 March 2011. Archived from the original on 5 March 2011.
^ "Oil spotted on Danish North Sea Surface. Maersk halts Production from Rolf Platform". OffshoreEnergyToday.com. 2 March 2011.
^ ^a ^b Danish Energy Agency (15 August 2016). "Oil production monthly and yearly". Retrieved 17 November 2023.

External links

The Gorm Centre. Danish Energy Agency

[1] Glennie, K. W. (1998). Petroleum geology of the North Sea: basic concepts and recent advances. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 30, 343. ISBN 978-0-632-03845-9.

[2] "The Gorm Centre". Danish Energy Agency. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2011-03-15.

[:0-3] Oilfield Publications Limited (1985). The North Sea Platform Guide. Ledbury: Oilfield Publications Limited. pp. 264–75.

[:2-4] Danish Energy Agency (2024). "Oil and gas in Denmark 2013" (PDF).

[:1-5] "Non-Technical Summary (NTS) of the Environmental and Social Impact Statement (ESIS) for the GORM project" (PDF). Retrieved 5 November 2023.

[Maersk-6] "Update: Oil observed in the Danish North Sea near Maersk Oil platforms". Maersk Oil. 2 March 2011. Archived from the original on 5 March 2011.

[7] "Oil spotted on Danish North Sea Surface. Maersk halts Production from Rolf Platform". OffshoreEnergyToday.com. 2 March 2011.

[:3-8] Danish Energy Agency (15 August 2016). "Oil production monthly and yearly". Retrieved 17 November 2023.

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