Byasa dasarada

Great windmill
	from Arunachal Pradesh
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Papilionidae
Genus:	Byasa
Species:	B. dasarada
Binomial name
	Byasa dasarada; (Moore, 1857)
Subspecies
	5; see text
Synonyms
	Atrophaneura dasarada (Moore, 1857); Papilio dasarada Moore, 1857;

Byasa dasarada, the great windmill, is a butterfly found in India that belongs to the windmills genus, Byasa, comprising tailed black swallowtail butterflies with white spots and red submarginal crescents.

Range and status

Northern India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, south-eastern China (including Hainan island (Guangdong province)).

The great windmill is not rare or threatened.

Subspecies

At Samsing in Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India

There are five subspecies. The following occur in the Indian neighbourhood:

B. d. dasarada Moore. Sikkim to Assam. Not rare.
B. d. ravana Moore. Kashmir to Kumaon. Not rare.
B. d. barata Rothschild. Myanmar. Rare.

Description

B. d. dasarada at Samsing in Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India

Wingspan: 100 to 140 mm.
The butterflies resemble the common windmill but are usually larger with broader tails.
The upper hindwing marginal crescent is white or cream-coloured.
Sexes similar. The female often has a complete discal band of white spots on the hindwing.

The butterfly is considered to be beautiful in appearance.

Habits

The great windmill is a woodland butterfly. It can often be spotted slowly and gracefully flying across clearings. It flies between 4,000 and 9,000 feet (1,200 and 2,700 m) in the spring and summer. Its habits resemble those of the common windmill.

Life cycle

Egg

Not described.

Larva

The ground colour of the larva varies in shades of grey and has a pattern of black lines. It has an orange osmeterium. The larva has a large number of tubercles arranged in two lateral and two sub-dorsal rows. The third and fourth segments have an additional pair of tubercles. The tubercles all have red tips, except those on the seventh and eighth segments which are almost entirely dirty white and the eleventh segment which has the same colour on just the tips of the tubercles.

Pupa

Pupa is yellow green with blue bands. It has an orange protuberance on its back. It is attached to its support by a black body and anal pad. The pupa emits a squeak when touched.

Food plant

Aristolochia griffithi

Gallery

B. d. dasarada at Samsing in Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India

References

^ Häuser, Christoph L.; de Jong, Rienk; Lamas, Gerardo; Robbins, Robert K.; Smith, Campbell; Vane-Wright, Richard I. (28 July 2005). "Papilionidae – revised GloBIS/GART species checklist (2nd draft)". Entomological Data Information System. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Germany. Archived from the original on 9 September 2010. Retrieved 21 June 2013.

Collins, N. Mark; Morris, Michael G. (1985). Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland & Cambridge: IUCN. ISBN 978-2-88032-603-6 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
Evans, W.H. (1932). The Identification of Indian Butterflies (2nd ed.). Mumbai, India: Bombay Natural History Society.
Haribal, Meena (1992). The Butterflies of Sikkim Himalaya and Their Natural History. Gangtok, Sikkim, India: Sikkim Nature Conservation Foundation.
Wynter-Blyth, Mark Alexander (1957). Butterflies of the Indian Region. Bombay, India: Bombay Natural History Society. ISBN 978-8170192329.

External links

Global Butterfly Information System Lectotype text, images

This Papilionidae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[GloBIS/GART-1] Häuser, Christoph L.; de Jong, Rienk; Lamas, Gerardo; Robbins, Robert K.; Smith, Campbell; Vane-Wright, Richard I. (28 July 2005). "Papilionidae – revised GloBIS/GART species checklist (2nd draft)". Entomological Data Information System. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Germany. Archived from the original on 9 September 2010. Retrieved 21 June 2013.

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