Guan Ying (died c.January 176 BC[1]), posthumously known as Marquis Yi of Yingyin, was a Chinese military general and politician who served as a chancellor of the Western Han dynasty.
Guan Ying | |
|---|---|
| 灌嬰 | |
| Chancellor | |
| In office 177–176 BC | |
| Monarch | Emperor Wen of Han |
| Preceded by | Zhou Bo |
| Succeeded by | Zhang Cang |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Unknown Shangqiu, Henan |
| Died | c.January 176 BC |
| Occupation | Military general, politician |
| Posthumous name | Marquis Yi (懿侯) |
| Peerage | Marquis of Yingyin (潁陰侯) |
Life
editGuan Ying was from Suiyang (睢陽), which is present-day Shangqiu, Henan. He served under Liu Bang, the founding emperor of the Han dynasty, and joined him in rebelling against the Qin dynasty. He also fought on Liu Bang's side during the Chu–Han Contention and assisted him in overcoming his rival, Xiang Yu.
After Liu Bang became emperor and established the Han dynasty, Guan Ying served as General of Chariots and Cavalry (車騎將軍). He assisted Liu Bang in putting down Chen Xi's rebellion and killed Hou Chang (侯敞), one of Chen Xi's commanders, near Quni (曲逆; around 20 miles or 32 kilometers west of present-day Baoding, Hebei) in 196 BC.[2]
Following Liu Bang's death, Empress Lü and her clan seized power from the Liu family and controlled the Han government – this event is historically known as the Lü Clan Disturbance. After Empress Lü died in August 180 BCE, the prince Liu Xiang decided to rebel against the Lü clan; Guan Ying was appointed General-in-Chief (大將軍) and ordered to lead an army to suppress the revolt. However, he led his troops elsewhere instead and combined forces with Zhou Bo, Chen Ping and others who were loyal to the Liu family to oust the Lü clan from power and install Liu Heng (Emperor Wen), a son of Liu Bang, on the throne. After becoming emperor, Emperor Wen appointed Guan Ying as Grand Commandant (太尉) and subsequently promoted him to the position of Chancellor, replacing Zhou Bo. Guan Ying died in office after about a year and was given the posthumous name Marquis Yi (懿侯).
References
editCitations
edit- ^ 12th month of the 4th year of Emperor Wen's reign, per vol.14 of Zizhi Tongjian. The month corresponds to 10 Jan to 8 Feb 176 BCE in the Julian calendar.
- ^ Nienhauser et al. (2002), p. 79
Bibliography
edit- Sima Qian et al. Records of the Grand Historian (Shi Ji) vol. 95.
- Ban Gu et al. Book of Han (Han Shu) vol. 41.
- Sima Qian; et al. (2002), Nienhauser, William H. Jr.; et al. (eds.), The Grand Scribe's Records, Vol. II: The Basic Annals of Han China, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, ISBN 0253340217
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