Gudrun Fiil (18 December 1890 – 19 May 1972) was inn keeper at Hvidsten Inn and member of the Danish resistance, whose husband, son and son-in-law were executed by the German occupying power.
Gudrun Fiil | |
|---|---|
| Born | Gudrun Margrethe Kjul Kristensen 18[1] or 19 December 1890 Gødstrup præstegaard, Snejbjerg, Denmark |
| Died | 19 May 1972 (aged 81) |
| Resting place | Spentrup cemetery |
| Other names | Gudrun Margrethe Kjul Kristensen Søvang |
| Occupation | Inn keeper |
| Known for | Member of and widow after a member of the Danish resistance movement[1] |
| Spouse | Marius Fiil (married 1917-1944)[2][3][4] |
| Children |
|
| Parents |
|
| Website | "Modstandsdatabasen" [Resistance Database]. Gudrun Fiil (in Danish). Copenhagen: Nationalmuseet. Retrieved 20 November 2014. |
Biography
editDuring the occupation Fill and her family became the center of a resistance group, the Hvidsten group. With the group she helped the British Special Operations Executive parachute weapons and supplies into Denmark for distribution to the resistance.[1]
In March 1944, the Gestapo made an "incredible number of arrests" including in the region of Randers the "nationally known folklore collector and keeper of Hvidsten inn Marius Fiil", their son Niels, their 17-year-old daughter Gerda, their daughter Kirstine and her husband brewery worker Peter Sørensen.[5]
The following month De frie Danske reported on her husband again, that he along with other arrestees from Hvidsten had been transferred from Randers to Vestre Fængsel.[6]
On 29 June 1944, her husband, their son Niels, their son-in-law and five other members of the Hvidsten group were executed in Ryvangen.[2]
On 15 July 1944, De frie Danske reported on the executions, the life sentence of her older daughter and the two-year sentence of her younger daughter and compared her husband to Svend Gønge and Niels Ebbesen while lamenting her profound loss:
- Our thoughts go to mrs Gudrun Fiil.
- In one day and in the same bitter hour she lost her husband, her only son and son-in-law.
- And her two young daughters are abducted as prisoners.
- No Danish wife and mother carries a fate as heavy of sorrow and loss, pain and horror and worry.
- But the veneration and devotion of the people shall support the fainting.[7]
In the January 1945 issue of the resistance newspaper Frit Danmark (Free Denmark) reported that on 29 June 1944 the executions of the Hvidsten group members had taken place.[2]
On 10 July 1945, her executed family members and the five other executed group members were cremated at Bispebjerg Cemetery.[citation needed]
As a widow she continued as keeper of the Hvidsten Inn, until her death in 1972.[citation needed]
Portrayal in the media
editIn the 2012 Danish drama film Hvidsten Gruppen (This Life), Gudrun Fiil is portrayed by Bodil Jørgensen.[8]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Modstandsdatabasen" [Resistance Database]. Gudrun Fiil (in Danish). Copenhagen: Nationalmuseet. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
- ^ a b c "29. Juni - 8 Frihedskæmpere henrettet" [29 June - 8 freedom fighters executed]. Frit Danmark (in Danish). January 1945. p. 9. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
- ^ MARIUS FIIL (Inscribed Stone Monument) (in Danish). Hvidsten Inn.
1944 DEN 29. JUNI - FALDT DE FOR DE TYSKE KUGLER - DYREBART ER DERES MINDE FOR DANMARK - REJST AARET 1945
- ^ MARIUS ANTON PEDERSEN FIIL (Inscribed Stone Monument) (in Danish). Ryvangen Memorial Park.
21.5.1893 * + 29.6.1944 +
- ^ "Utrolig mange Arrestationer" [Incredibly many arrests]. De frie Danske (in Danish). 18 March 1944. p. 10. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
- ^ "ARRESTEREDE" [ARRESTED]. De frie Danske (in Danish). 23 April 1944. p. 10. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
Kroejer Marius Fiil med flere fra Hvidsten er blevet overført fra Randers til Vestre
- ^ "EN FOLKELIG SKIKKELSE, ET HISTORISK EKSEMPEL PAA JYLLANDS SEJGHED UNDER FREMMEDHEREDØMMET" [A POPULAR FIGURE, A HISTORICAL EXAMPLE OF JUTLAND'S TOUGHNESS UNDER FOREIGN RULE]. De frie Danske (in Danish). 15 July 1944. p. 7. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
Vi samler Tankerne om Fru Gudrun Fiil. Paa een Dag og i samme bitre Time mistede hun sin Mand, sin eneste Søn og sin Svigersøn. Og hendes to unge Døtre er bortført i Fangenskab. Ingen dansk Hustru og Moder bærer en Skæbne saa tung af Sorg og Savn, Smerte og Gru og Bekymring. Men Folkets Ærbødighed og Hengivenhed skal støtte den segnende
- ^ "This life / Hvidsten Gruppen - nogle må dø for at andre kan leve". dfi.dk. Retrieved 2016-12-04.
