Guiera is a flowering plant genus in the family Combretaceae. Guiera senegalensis is the only known species in the genus, found in Tropical Africa in dry areas from Senegal to Sudan (requiring much sunlight and light dry soil).[1] The plant produces the tannin 3,4,5-Tri-O-galloylquinic acid and several alkaloids of the harmane family.[2]
| Guiera | |
|---|---|
| |
| Inflorescence and flowers of Guiera senegalensis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Combretaceae |
| Genus: | Guiera Adans. ex Juss. |
| Species: | G. senegalensis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Guiera senegalensis | |
Uses
editThe plant as a whole is often decorative, however the leaves are known as a medicinal 'cure-all' in Africa: It is known for being hypotensive, antidiarrhetic, anti-inflammatory, and helpful for coughs.
Its bark yields a marketable gum; its branches are used for baskets, framework, and fences; its roots for toothpicks; and its smoke repels flies.[1]
Ecology
editGuiera is a pioneer species, spread via animal dispersal and grows well in impoverished soil.
It is an indicator species of overgrazed land.[1]
Water pump
editGuiera naturally "pumps" water to the surface in a process called hydraulic lift or hydraulic redistribution (HR): When grown as a companion plant with millet and other thirsty crops, excess water drawn up by Guiera senegalensis’ deep roots during the night is excreted and becomes available to the surrounding crop, dramatically increasing the yield in the case of millet.[3][4]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Guiera senegalensis". The Ferns (tropical.theferns.info). Useful Tropical Plants. Retrieved 2019-09-09.
- ^ Fiot, Julien; Sanon, Souleymane; Azas, Nadine; Mahiou, Valérie; Jansen, Olivia; Angenot, Luc; et al. (2006). "Phytochemical and pharmacological study of roots and leaves of Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel (Combretaceae)". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 106 (2): 173–178. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2005.12.030. PMID 16443341.
- ^ Bogie, Nathaniel A.; Bayala, Roger; Diedhiou, Ibrahima; Conklin, Martha H.; Fogel, Marilyn L.; Dick, Richard P.; Ghezzehei, Teamrat A. (18 September 2018). "Hydraulic redistribution by native Sahelian shrubs: Bio-irrigation to resist in-season drought". Frontiers in Environmental Science. 6: 98. doi:10.3389/fenvs.2018.00098. ISSN 2296-665X.
- ^ Roll, Nick (2022-02-20). "Farmers in Senegal learn to respect a scruffy shrub that gets no respect". Goats and Soda. National Public Radio. Retrieved 2022-02-20.
External links
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