HMS Meteorite was an experimental U-boat developed in Germany, scuttled at the end of World War II, subsequently raised and commissioned into the Royal Navy. The submarine was originally commissioned into the Kriegsmarine on 13 March 1945 as U-1407. She was built around a Walter engine fueled by high-test peroxide (HTP), the fuel known as T-Stoff in German service.
 The U-1406, a vessel of the same class as HMS Meteorite / U-1407
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Nazi Germany | |
| Name | U-1407 |
| Ordered | 4 January 1943 |
| Builder | Blohm & Voss, Hamburg |
| Yard number | 257 |
| Laid down | 13 November 1943 |
| Launched | February 1945 |
| Commissioned | 13 March 1945 |
| Fate |
|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS Meteorite |
| Acquired | 1945 |
| Commissioned | 25 September 1945 |
| Decommissioned | September 1949 |
| Fate | Broken up |
| General characteristics [1][2] | |
| Class and type | Type XVIIB submarine |
| Displacement | |
| Length |
|
| Beam |
|
| Draught | 4.3 m (14 ft 1 in) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
|
| Range |
|
| Complement | 19 |
| Armament |
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| Service record (Kriegsmarine) | |
| Part of: |
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| Identification codes: | M 47 655 |
| Commanders: | |
| Operations: | None |
| Victories: | None |
History
editThe three completed German Type XVIIB submarines were scuttled by their crews at the end of the Second World War, U-1405 at Flensburg and U-1406 and U-1407 at Cuxhaven, all in the British Zone of Occupation.[4] U-1406 and U-1407 were scuttled on 7 May 1945 by Oberleutnant zur See Gerhard Grumpelt even though a superior officer, Kapitän zur See Kurt Thoma, had prohibited such actions. Grumpelt was subsequently sentenced to seven years' imprisonment by a British military court.[5][6]
At the Potsdam Conference in July 1945 U-1406 was allocated to the United States and U-1407 to the United Kingdom, and both were soon salvaged.[4]
Royal Navy service
editU-1407 was salvaged in June 1945, and transported to Barrow-in-Furness, where she was refitted by Vickers with a new and complete set of machinery also captured in Germany, under the supervision of Professor Hellmuth Walter. Because she was intended to be used solely for trials and possibly as a high-speed anti-submarine target, her torpedo tubes were removed.[4] She was commissioned into the Royal Navy on 25 September 1945 and renamed HMS Meteorite.
During 1946 Meteorite carried out a series of trials under the guidance of Walter and his original team from Germaniawerft, Kiel. The trials raised considerable interest in the possibility of HTP as an alternative to nuclear power as air-independent propulsion and the Admiralty placed an order for two larger experimental Walter boats based on the German Type XXVI, the Explorer-class submarines HMS Explorer and HMS Excalibur, to be followed by an operational class of 12 boats.
Meteorite was not popular with her crews, who regarded the boat as a dangerous and volatile piece of machinery. She was officially described as "75% safe".[7] She was difficult to control due to aircraft-type controls and a lack of forward hydroplanes.
Fate
editMeteorite's Royal Navy service came to an end in September 1949, and she was broken up by Thos. W. Ward of Barrow-in-Furness.
References
edit- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Type XVIIB Walter boats". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
- ^ "This page contains details on the German U-Boat Type III, Type IV, Type V, Type VI, Type VIII, Type XI, Type XII, Type XIII, XV, XVI, VB60, V80, U-179, XVII". www.sharkhunters.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Horst Heitz". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
- ^ a b c Polmar, Norman; Kenneth J. Moore (2004). Cold War Submarines: The Design and Construction of U.S. and Soviet Submarines. Brassey's. pp. 35–36. ISBN 1-57488-594-4.
- ^ Madsen, Chris (1998). The Royal Navy and German Naval Disarmament, 1942-1947. Routledge. p. 180. ISBN 0-7146-4823-X.
- ^ "UK v Grumpelt - Military Court" (PDF). World Court. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 March 2014. Retrieved 2 March 2014.
- ^ Paterson, Lawrence (2008). Dönitz's last gamble : the inshore U-boat campaign, 1944-45. Barnsley, UK: Pen & Sword. ISBN 9781844157143.
Bibliography
edit- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat Commanders of World War II: A Biographical Dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Der U-Boot-Krieg [The U-boat War, Vol. 4: German U-boat Losses from September 1939 to May 1945] (in German). Vol. IV: Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
- Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). German Warships 1815–1945. Vol. 2: U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
Further reading
editExternal links
edit- Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type XVII boat U-1407". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 6 December 2014.