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Haas was a family of rocket space launchers developed by ARCAspace for the Google Lunar X Prize competition and for their national crewed space program. As of 2020[update] no rocket has been launched, the planned rocket types changed significantly over time.
It was named after Conrad Haas, a rocket pioneer who lived and worked in what is now Romania, and was the first European to describe a multistage rocket in writing.[1]
Haas
editHaas was a Romanian carrier rocket, which was developed[when?] by ARCA as part of the ELE programme. It was designed to be air-launched from a high-altitude balloon, similar to the American Rockoon experiments of the 1950s. Prior to the development of Haas, ARCA had already launched two Stabilo rockets from balloons. It was powered by hybrid rocket motor, using hydrogen peroxide as oxidizer and bitumen as solid fuel.[1]
The Haas rocket[1] was to be a three-stage rocket intended to be capable of placing 400 kilograms of payload into low Earth orbit. Its maiden flight was to carry the European Lunar Explorer spacecraft, ARCA's entry into the Google Lunar X-Prize, following a series of engine tests which began in 2009.[citation needed]
It was abandoned when ARCA decided to stop using solar and helium balloons for their space program.
Haas 2
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Haas 2 was an orbital two-stage launcher design intended to be carried under the fuselage of the IAR 111 supersonic plane. It was planned to be powered by the new Executor liquid-fueled rocket engine[2] under development at ARCA. Its intended launch altitude was approximately 17,000 m (56,000 ft). It was intended to place a 400 kg (880 lb) payload into low Earth orbit.[citation needed]
Haas 2CA
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Haas 2CA, previously Haas 2c, was a planned flight testing platform for the Executor engine. It was an intended single-stage-to-orbit vehicle due to its lightweight fuel tanks and was originally planned for a 2018 launch.[3]
General characteristics
- Length: 16 m (52 ft 6 in)
- Diameter: 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)
- Max takeoff weight: 16,300 kg (35,935 lb)
- Lift-off thrust: 22,900 kgf (225 kN; 50,000 lbf)
- Payload to LEO: 100 kg (220 lb)
2020 plans
editARCAspace changed the plans of future rockets over time. As of March 2020, the company plans to develop ground-launched single-stage-to-orbit rockets which can optionally increase their payload with a booster stage (called Launch assist system, LAS). It is planned to test two stages of a small orbital rocket (LAS 25R and Haas mini) in independent flights in 2020, before the two are combined for a first orbital flight in 2021. This two-stage rocket is planned to have a payload capacity of 40 kg to low Earth orbit. A larger first stage is expected for 2022, followed by a single-stage-to-orbit rocket Haas 3 in 2023, carrying up to 500 kg of payload. Combining both, ARCAspace expects to achieve a payload capacity of 3 tonnes in 2024. This sequence would repeat with even larger rocket stages, leading to a 60 tonne payload rocket in 2027.[5]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c ARCA Space, Haas Orbital Rocket Launcher Archived 2012-07-22 at the Wayback Machine fact sheet, Dec. 2, 2008 (accessed 22 Sept 2014)
- ^ ARCA, Executor Rocket Engine Archived 2014-10-09 at the Wayback Machine (accessed 22 Sept 2014)
- ^ a b "ARCA Unveils the World's first Single-Stage-to-Orbit Rocket". 2017-03-31. Retrieved 2017-03-31.
- ^ "Haas 2C specifications page". Archived from the original on 2013-07-17. Retrieved 2016-12-29.
- ^ "Haas | ARCA". Retrieved 7 March 2020.
External Pages
edit- "Haas Orbital Rocket Launcher" (PDF). ARCA. 2008-12-23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-09-20. Retrieved 2008-12-25.
- "Romanian Space Program" (PDF). ARCA. 2012-02-25. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-04-08. Retrieved 2012-03-08.
