Hariana (Hindi: हरियाना) or haryanvi is an Indian breed of cow native to North India, specially in the state of Haryana. They produce about 10 to 15 litres of milk a day, compared to 8.9 litres when cross-bred with Holstein Friesian cattle (HS), whereas pure HS can produce 50 litres a day, but it is not as disease-resistant in the conditions of North India.[1]
Range
editThe breed is native to Rohtak, Karnal, Kurukshetra, Jind, Hissar, Nuh and Gurugram districts in the state of Haryana. The cattle are of medium to large size, and are generally of white to gray shades in color.[2][3]
Features
editHorns are short and the face is narrow and long. The cows are fairly good milk yielders, and bulls are good at work. It is an important dual-purpose, milk and draught, cattle breed of India.[4]
Origin
editThe Hariana breed, found in Haryana and eastern Punjab, is one of the 75 known breeds of zebu (Bos indicus).[5]
Zebu is split about evenly between African and South Asian breeds. Zebu cattle are thought to be derived from Asian aurochs, sometimes regarded as a subspecies, Bos primigenius namadicus[6] Wild Asian aurochs disappeared during the time of the Indus Valley civilisation from its range in the Indus River basin and other parts of South Asia possibly due to interbreeding with domestic zebu and resultant fragmentation of wild populations due to loss of habitat.[7]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "No to foreign breeds, Haryana to focus on 'desi' cows". The Times of India. 4 June 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2018.
- ^ "Hariana cattle". Department of Animal Husbandry, Government of India. Retrieved 16 May 2015.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Breeds of Livestock - Hariana Cattle". Department of Animal Science - Oklahoma State University. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
- ^ "Hariana cattle - Origin and Distribution". Gou Vishwakosha - VishwaGou. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
- ^ "Hariana — India: Haryana, eastern Punjab" page 245 In Porter, Valerie (1991) Cattle: A Handbook to the Breeds of the World Helm, London, ISBN 0-8160-2640-8
- ^ van Vuure, Cis (2005). Retracing the Aurochs: History, Morphology and Ecology of an Extinct Wild Ox. Sofia-Moscow: Pensoft Publishers. ISBN 954-642-235-5.
- ^ Rangarajan, Mahesh (2001). India's Wildlife History. Delhi, India: Permanent Black. p. 4. ISBN 978-81-7824-140-1.
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