Haroi or Cham Haroi, also known as H'roi, Bahnar Cham,[3] or Cham H'roi, are an Cham ethnolinguistic group who speak Haroi, a Chamic language. It is recognized as the Cham people in the Vietnamese constitution.
Người H'roi (Vietnamese) | |
|---|---|
 Traditional dance of the Cham H'roi people in Bình Định province, Vietnam. | |
| Total population | |
| 42,500–46,000[1][2] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Vietnam (Bình Định and Phú Yên) | |
| Languages | |
| Haroi (native) • Vietnamese • Bahnaric • Eastern Cham | |
| Religion | |
| Haroi traditional religion (polytheistic and animistic beliefs), Bani Islam (traditional Shia), Hinduism,[3] and Christianity[1] | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Chamic speaking-peoples |
History
editSeveral expert opinions have put forward to trace their origins, one side arguing that they are a distinct one Bahnaric ethnolinguistic group in the Champa city-state from the 2nd to 19th centuries, until assimilating with the Cham people and speaking Cham thereafter. While others argue that they were a group of former Cham people who fled to the highlands after a war with Đại Việt in the 15th century.[3] Meanwhile, other related ethnic groups such as the Jarai and Rade had inhabited the highlands earlier after fighting with other Chamic ethnolinguistic groups around 10th to 13th centuries.[4]
Religion
editContemporary Haroi traditional religion involves the practice of polytheistic and animistic beliefs. A small part are Bani Islam (traditional Shia), as well as Hinduism.[3] About 2% of the population also follows Christianity.[1]
Culture
edit
The Haroi people in Phú Yên and Bình Định provinces have long-standing cultural traditions, including traditional cuisine, music, and costumes. Their traditional costumes are known for their elegant and discreet identity. They also have a tradition of celebrating welcoming the new rice season known as Quai Pthăi Brău.[5] They also have drums that are often played during this traditional festival called Trống K’toang.[6]
Population
editThe Haroi population is around 42,500 to 46,000.[1][2] They currently live mainly in Bình Định and Phú Yên provinces, which are their traditional homeland.[1] Their main distribution is in Vân Canh, a mountainous district in Bình Định province. Where they comprise 40% of the population.[7]
Languages
editThey are speakers of Haroi, a Coastal Chamic language closely related especially to Eastern Cham. Also to Austroasiatic elements especially Bahnaric.[8] Today most are able to speak Vietnamese, the national language of Vietnam.[9]
Notable people
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e "Haroi in Vietnam". joshuaproject.net. Joshua Project. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
- ^ a b "Haroi of Vietnam". peoplegroups.org. People Groups. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
- ^ a b c d Quang, Isvan (2020). "Haroi also known as : "Haroi" "H'roi" and "H'rời". Most English language scholarship does not use the term 'Cham H'roi'", "Bahna Cham"". UBC Community, Partners, and Alumni Publications. British Columbia, United States: Database of Religious History (DRH). doi:10.14288/1.0391873. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
- ^ Howard, Michael C. (2008). "Supplementary Warp Patterned Textiles of the Cham in Vietnam". Proceedings of the 11th Biennial Symposium. Honolulu, United States: Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
- ^ a b "Nét đẹp trang phục của đồng bào Chăm H'roi". baodantoc.vn (in Vietnamese). Báo Dân tộc và Phát triển. 11 August 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
- ^ Nhân, T.; Trường, H. (20 November 2023). "Đắm say tiếng trống K'toang của người Chăm H'roi". baodantoc.vn (in Vietnamese). Báo Dân tộc và Phát triển. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
- ^ Hóa, Văn; Thuật, Nghệ (16 January 2022). "Ẩm thực người Chăm H'roi & hương vị nguyên bản" (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2 December 2024.
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Haroi". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ^ Taylor, K. W. (2013-05-09). A History of the Vietnamese. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-521-87586-8.
External links
edit- Quang, Van Son; Noseworthy, William B. (2022). "A View of Champā Sites in Phú Yên Province, Vietnam: Toward a Longue Durée of Socio-Religious Context". MDPI: Religions Journal. 13 (7). Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Institute of Cultural Heritage and Development Studies, Van Lang University. doi:10.3390/rel13070656.