Hartshill Castle[1] is a ruined castle in the village of Hartshill on the outskirts of Nuneaton, Warwickshire (grid reference SP325942). It is on Historic England's Heritage at Risk Register due to erosion, structural problems and vandalism;[2] most notably when the castle was damaged by vandals in October 2016.[3]
| Hartsthill Castle | |
|---|---|
 South-western curtain wall as seen from the manor house in 2023 | |
  Hartsthill Castle | |
| Coordinates | 52°32′29″N 1°31′14″W / 52.5413°N 1.52066°W |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Private |
| Open to the public | No |
| Condition | Ruins |
| Site history | |
| Built |
|
| Built by |
|
| In use |
|
| Materials | Stone, timber and wattle and daub |
The site is also privately owned, but can be viewed from a nearby footpath adjacent to the site of the castle.
Background
editStone Age tribes lived on the site of Hartshill Castle around 10,000 BC and they were nomads, not travelling far, but wandering, always returning to this area for flints which they needed for tools and weapons. They found them in the boulder clay at the foot of Hartshill Ridge, near the River Anker. Remains of Stone Age flints and bones of red deer and woolly rhinoceroses have been found in sand and gravel near to the river at Witherly, close to Hartshill Castle.
History
editHugh de Hadreshull built the first motte and bailey castle at Hartshill in 1125 to overlook Atherstone.[4][5] The palisades were originally made of wood and, on top of the motte, was a wooden tower which was home to the Lord of the Manor and his family, as well as being a look-out post. During the reign of King John (1199 - 1216), William de Hadreshull repaired the timber castle.
By the late 13th century, Hartshill Castle was owned by Robert de Hartshill, and after he was killed at the Battle of Evesham on 4 August 1265, the castle was abandoned and fell into disrepair;[5] during the time Robert owned the castle, the first stone structure, the chapel, was built at Hartshill Castle. John de Hartshill replaced the timber castle with a stone castle during the 14th century, with construction beginning in 1330.[4]
By the early 16th century, the castle had been abandoned,[4] but Sir Anthony Cooke purchased the castle around 1550[6] and Michael and Edmund Parker had built a manor house out of wattle and daub in the north-eastern corner of the castle in 1560.[6] They leased out the castle and manor house in 1567, and the manor house eventually collapsed sometime after 1927 and was mostly demolished during the 1950s.
The castle was excavated in 2000 without archaeological supervision.[7]
The castle is often damaged by vandals, such as when parts of the curtain walls were damaged and stolen on 2 October 2016.[3]
Extant remains
editPart of the moat survives on the western side of the castle, and parts of the ditch survives to the east but has been largely damaged and obscured due to the dumping of waste materials during the 20th century.[6]
Most of the curtain walls of the stone castle built by John de Hartshill also survive,[4] and parts of a tower and the chapel also survive, but the main entrance to the south no longer exists.
Only the chimney stack to the manor house survives. The fireplace is also preserved.[6]
Gallery
edit-
Hartshill Castle in 1785 by J. Adkins and F. Cary -
The manor house at Hartshill Castle in 1927 -
The western curtain wall in 2010 -
12th century moat, on the western side in 2023 -
Arrowslit on the eastern curtain wall in 2023 -
The eastern curtain wall as seen from the main road in 2023 -
12th century ditch, on the eastern side in 2023 -
Location of the main entrance on the southern side, which no longer exists today, in 2023 -
The northern entrance from the outside in 2006 -
The northern entrance from the inside in 2023 -
North-western curtain wall from the inside in 2023 -
Exterior of the manor house in 2023 -
Interior of the manor house, with the remains of the fireplace present in 2023
References
edit- ^ The Nuneaton Local History Group:Hartshill Castle Article
- ^ Heritage at Risk Register 2018, West Midlands (Report). Historic England. p. 39. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
- ^ a b "Thieves steal ancient stones from historic ruined castle near Nuneaton". The Coventry Telegraph. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Hartshill Castle (CastleUK)". CastleUK. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
- ^ a b Fry, Plantagenet Somerset, The David & Charles Book of Castles, David & Charles, 1980. ISBN 0-7153-7976-3
- ^ a b c d "Hartshill Castle (Landscape Britain)". Landscape Britain. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
- ^ Wilson, M., (2006), 'Demystifying Hartshill Castle: recent conservation and research.' West Midlands Archaeology Vol. 49 p. 2-7