Hashem Shabani (Arabic: هاشم شعباني, died 27 January 2014), also known as Hashem Shabaninejad, was an ethnic Ahwazi Arab citizen of the Islamic Republic of Iran. He was a high school teacher of Arabic language and literature, a poet in both Arabic and Persian, and an activist who promoted Arabic culture and literature in Iran. In February 2011, government authorities arrested Shabani and four other Ahwazis.
Hashem Shabania | |
|---|---|
| Died | 27 January 2014 (age 32) Undisclosed prison in Iran |
| Cause of death | Execution by hanging |
| Nationality | Iranian |
| Other names | Hashem Shabaninejad |
| Occupation(s) | Teacher, poet, activist |
In December 2011, in a programme on Iran's Press TV, which Shabani and two other Ahwazi Arabs confessed to being part of an armed Arab terrorist group. Human rights groups say these confessions were coerced under torture. In July 2012, Shabani and the four others arrested with him were sentenced to death on charges of Moharebeh ("waging war on God"), sowing corruption on earth, acting against national security, and spreading propaganda against the Islamic Republic.
The Iranian Supreme Court upheld the death sentences in January 2013, and on 27 January 2014, Shabani was executed along with fellow Ahwazi Arab Hadi Rashedi.
Biography
editUntil his arrest, Shabani resided in Ramshir (known in Arabic as Khalafabad) in Iran's Khuzestan Province with his wife and one child. He worked as a teacher of Arabic language and literature in a local high school. He was also known as a poet in Arabic and Persian, and founded the Dialogue Institute,[1] which promoted Arabic culture and literature in Iran.[2]
He held a bachelor's degree in Arabic language literature and education and a master's degree in political science from Ahwaz University.[1]
Arrest
editIn February 2011, Shabani was arrested along with four others Iranian Arabs - Hadi Rashedi, Mohammad-Ali Amouri and the brothers Mokhtar and Jaber Alboshokeh. Their arrests were considered part of a broader government crackdown at the time against Iran's Arab minority.[3] According to Amnesty International, these individuals were detained "apparently in connection with their cultural activities, such as organizing events in the Arabic language, conferences, educational courses, art classes, and poetry recital gatherings".[4]
Televised confession
editOn 13 December 2011, Press TV, the English-language network of the government-run Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, broadcast a "documentary" featuring Shabani, Rashedi, and another Arab man, Taha Heidarian. In the program, Shabani and Rashedi confessed "to being part of an armed Arab terrorist group called the Al-Moqawama al-Shaabiya ('People’s Movement'), which was responsible for shooting at four government employees". Press TV said that the United States and the United Kingdom supported this terrorist group.[5]
Human rights groups maintain that the confessions "were coerced under duress and torture during their detention at a local Intelligence Ministry facility, and that they denied the charges against them in court".[5] Reported examples of torture are a broken pelvic bone suffered by Rashedi, and that Shabani's feet were placed in boiling water to make him confess.[6]
Death sentence
editOn 7 July 2012,[4] a Revolutionary Court sentenced Shabani and the four other Arabs arrested in February 2011 to death on charges of Moharebeh ("waging war on God"), as well as "sowing corruption on earth, propaganda against the Islamic Republic and acting against national security".[7] Amnesty International said that the confessions of Shabani and Rashedi shown on Press TV were "in violation of international standards for fair trial". In January 2013, the Iranian Supreme Court upheld their death sentences.[4]
Execution
editOn 29 January 2014, reports emerged that Shabani and Rashedi had been executed. In violation of Iran's own legal regulations, authorities had executed the two men without first notifying their families or attorneys.[7] The hangings reportedly took place on 27 January in an undisclosed prison after Iranian President Hassan Rouhani approved the sentences.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b "Hashem Shaabani reveals falsity [of] accusations that led him to the death penalty". Ahwaz Studies Center. Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-09.
- ^ a b "Iranian Execution of Poet Further Darkens Iran's Human Rights Record". Freedom House. 5 February 2014. Archived from the original on 2 March 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
- ^ Saeed Kamali Dehghan (19 July 2012). "Iran steps up crackdown against its Arab minority". The Guardian.
- ^ a b c "Iran: End human rights violations against Iran's Ahwazi Arab minority". Amnesty International. 16 January 2014.
- ^ a b "Iran: Halt Execution of Arab Activists". Human Rights Watch. 11 July 2012.
- ^ "Ahvazi Men Confessed Under Torture; No Evidence Supports Charges, Family Says". International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran. 9 February 2013.
- ^ a b "IRI Executes Two Ahwazi Arab Men". Iran Human Rights Documentation Center. 31 January 2014. Archived from the original on 26 March 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2014.