Dr. Hassan Ali Mire (Somali: Xasan Cali Mirreh; Arabic: حسن علي مير), also known as Hasaan ‘Ali Mirreh,[1] was a Somali politician. During the early 1970s, he briefly served as the first Minister of Education of the Somali Democratic Republic. Mire later co-founded and chaired the Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF). In 1998, he was also among the founders of the autonomous Puntland State of Somalia.
Hassan Ali Mire حسن علي مير | |
|---|---|
| Chairman of the Somali Salvation Democratic Front | |
| In office 1986–1991 | |
| Preceded by | Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed |
| Succeeded by | Mohamed Abshir Waldo |
| Minister of Education of the Somali Democratic Republic | |
| In office 1969–1970 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Somalia |
| Alma mater | Princeton University |
Personal life
editMire was born and raised in Somalia. He hails from the Majerteen sub-clan of the Darod clan.[2]
For his post-secondary education, Mire studied in the United States. He earned a Ph.D. from the private Ivy League institution Princeton University in New Jersey.[3][4]
Career
editMinister of Education
editOn 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969, in which the Somali Army seized power without encountering armed opposition – essentially a bloodless takeover. The putsch was spearheaded by Major General Mohamed Siad Barre, who at the time commanded the army.[5] The new Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that seized power subsequently named Mire as the Minister of Education in its first post-coup Cabinet. He resigned after nine months of his appointment to the office.[6]
Somali Salvation Democratic Front
editIn 1978, a group of officials mainly from Mire's own Majeerteen clan, including Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, participated in an abortive attempt to overthrow Barre's dictatorial administration.[7][8] Most of the people who had helped plot the coup were summarily executed, but Ahmed and several other colonels managed to escape abroad.[7] Later that year, in adjacent Ethiopia, Mire and Ahmed formed a rebel movement called the Somali Salvation Front, with Ahmed serving as Chairman.[3][8] The organization was subsequently renamed the Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF) in 1979. It was the first of several opposition groups dedicated to ousting Barre's regime by force.[8]
In 1986, following Ahmed's imprisonment a few months earlier by the Ethiopian authorities, Mire was elected as the SSDF's new Chairman.[3] Under his direction, the organization adhered to a moderate policy demanding free elections and the removal of foreign military bases.[3]
In 1990, on the eve of the civil war in Somalia and the toppling of Barre's regime, Mire was among the signatories of a manifesto advocating national reconciliation. As a representative of the SSDF, Mire opposed any military rule.[9] Other signatories of the document included Aden Abdullah Osman Daar, Somalia's first president, and around 100 additional Somali politicians.[10]
Puntland
editIn 1998, Mire, Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed and other prominent figures from northeastern Somalia, including the region's political elite, traditional elders (Issims), members of the business community, intellectuals and civil society representatives, established the Government of Puntland.[11][12] The constitutional conference in which the declaration was made was held in Garowe over a period of three months, with the aim of delivering services to the population, offering security, facilitating trade, and interacting with both domestic and international partners.[12] Ahmed was subsequently elected as the state's first President.[13]
Present
editIn August 2013, Mire was a guest speaker at the Fourth Annual Ohio Somali Graduation Program in Columbus, Ohio. The event brought together hundreds of students, parents, professionals and leaders to honor the state's Somali secondary and tertiary graduates. Former Prime Minister of Somalia Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed (Farmajo) served as a keynote speaker, with financial scholarships awarded to the most outstanding pupils.[4]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ "Horn of Africa". Horn of Africa Journal. 13 (2): 47. 1990. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
- ^ Africa Confidential, Volume 24. Miramoor Publications Limited. 1983. p. 5.
- ^ a b c d Legum, Colin (1989). Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents, Volume 20. Africa Research Limited. p. B-394. ISBN 9780841905580.
- ^ a b "Prime Minister Farmajo to Honor Somali Graduates in Ohio". Jibril Mohamed. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
- ^ Moshe Y. Sachs, Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations, (Worldmark Press: 1988), p.290
- ^ Gassem, Mariam Arif (2002). Somalia: Clan Vs. Nation. Gassim. p. 52.
- ^ a b New People Media Centre, New people, Issues 94–105, (New People Media Centre: Comboni Missionaries, 2005).
- ^ a b c Nina J. Fitzgerald, Somalia: issues, history, and bibliography, (Nova Publishers: 2002), p.25.
- ^ Horn of Africa Bulletin, Volumes 3-4. Life & Peace Institute. 1991. p. 14.
- ^ Bloomfield, Steve (11 June 2007). "Aden Abdulle Osman - First President of Somalia". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
- ^ Maxamuud, Cabdulqaadir Cusmaan (2005). Tiirka colaadda. Aroma Publications. p. 22. ISBN 0968125921.
- ^ a b "Somalia: Dayniile's Experience in Peace-building and State-building". Ceelbuur Online. 12 April 2011. Archived from the original on 23 April 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
- ^ "Index Ah-Al – Ahmed, Abdullahi Yusuf". Rulers. Retrieved 5 September 2013.