List of heads of state of Cambodia

(Redirected from Head of State of Cambodia)

This is a list of heads of state of Cambodia from the accession of King Norodom on 19 October 1860 to the present day. It lists various heads of state which served in the modern history of Cambodia, under several different regimes and with various titles.

Head of State of Cambodia
ប្រមុខរដ្ឋនៃកម្ពុជា
Incumbent
Norodom Sihamoni
(as King)
since 14 October 2004
StyleHis Majesty
TypeHead of state
ResidenceKhemarin Palace (official)
The Royal Residence (secondary)
SeatPhnom Penh (official)
Siem Reap (secondary)
AppointerRoyal Council of the Throne
Term lengthLife tenure
Formation19 October 1860 (164 years ago) (1860-10-19)
First holderNorodom (as King)

From 1860 onward, there have been 12 heads of state (acting heads of state are not counted).

The current head of state of Cambodia is King Norodom Sihamoni, since his election by the Royal Council of the Throne on 14 October 2004.[1][2]

Titles

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  • 1860–1960: King of Cambodia (under French protectorate in 1863–1945 and 1945–1953, and Japanese puppet state in 1945)
  • 1960          : Chairman of the Regency Council
  • 1960–1970: Chief of State of Cambodia
  • 1970–1975: President of the Khmer Republic
  • 1975          : Chairman the Supreme Committee
  • 1975–1976: President of the State Presidium
  • 1976–1979: Chairman of the State Presidium
  • 1979–1981: Chairman of the People's Revolutionary Council
  • 1981–1993: President of the Council of State
  • 1993          : Head of State of the State of Cambodia
  • 1993–present: King of Cambodia

List of officeholders

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Political parties
Other factions

Note: Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of reign/office.

Monarchy

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No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Reign/Tenure House Claim
Start End Duration
1   Norodom
នរោត្តម
(1834–1904)
19 October 1860 24 April 1904 43 years, 188 days Norodom Son of Ang Duong
2   Sisowath
ស៊ីសុវតិ្ថ
(1840–1927)
27 April 1904 9 August 1927 23 years, 104 days Sisowath Brother of Norodom
3   Sisowath Monivong
ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ មុនីវង្ស
(1875–1941)
9 August 1927 24 April 1941 13 years, 258 days Sisowath Son of Sisowath
4   Norodom Sihanouk
នរោត្តម សីហនុ
(1922–2012)
24 April 1941 2 March 1955[3] 13 years, 309 days Norodom Grandson of Sisowath Monivong
5   Norodom Suramarit
នរោត្តម សុរាម្រិត
(1896–1960)
2 March 1955 3 April 1960 5 years, 32 days Norodom Son-in-law of Sisowath Monivong
Father of Norodom Sihanouk
  Chuop Hell
ជួប ហ៊ែល
(1909–c. 1975)
Acting Head of State
[a]
3 April 1960 6 April 1960 3 days
  Sisowath Monireth
ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ មុន្នីរ៉េត
(1909–1975)
Chairman of the Regency Council
6 April 1960 13 June 1960 68 days Sisowath Son of Sisowath Monivong
  Chuop Hell
ជួប ហ៊ែល
(1909–c. 1975)
Acting Head of State
[a]
13 June 1960 20 June 1960 7 days
(4)   Norodom Sihanouk
នរោត្តម សីហនុ
(1922–2012)
20 June 1960[4] 18 March 1970[5] 9 years, 271 days Norodom Son of Norodom Suramarit
  Sisowath Kossamak
ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ កុសមៈ
(1904–1975)
[b]
20 June 1960 9 October 1970 10 years, 111 days Sisowath Daughter of Sisowath Monivong
Consort of Norodom Suramarit
Mother of Norodom Sihanouk
  Cheng Heng
ឆេង ហេង
(1910–1996)
Acting Head of State
21 March 1970 9 October 1970 202 days

Republic

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No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Elected Term of office Political party
Took office Left office Time in office
6   Cheng Heng
ឆេង ហេង
(1910–1996)
9 October 1970[8] 9 March 1972 1 year, 153 days Independent
7   Lon Nol
លន់ នល់
(1913–1985)
1972 10 March 1972[9] 1 April 1975[10] 3 years, 22 days PRS /
FANK (ANK)
  Saukam Khoy
សូកាំ ខូយ
(1915–2008)
Acting for Lon Nol
1 April 1975 12 April 1975 11 days PRS /
FANK (ANK)
8   Sak Sutsakhan
សក់ ស៊ុតសាខន
(1928–1994)
Chairman of the Supreme Committee
12 April 1975[11] 17 April 1975 5 days FANK (ANK)
(4)   Norodom Sihanouk
នរោត្តម សីហនុ
(1922–2012)
17 April 1975[12] 2 April 1976[13] 351 days FUNK
9   Khieu Samphan
ខៀវ សំផន
(born 1931)
11 April 1976[14] 7 January 1979 2 years, 271 days CPK
10   Heng Samrin
ហេង សំរិន
(born 1934)
7 January 1979[15] 6 April 1992 13 years, 90 days KPRP
CPP
11   Chea Sim
ជា ស៊ីម
(1932–2015)
6 April 1992 14 June 1993 1 year, 69 days CPP
(4)   Norodom Sihanouk
នរោត្តម សីហនុ
(1922–2012)
14 June 1993 24 September 1993 102 days Independent

Restored monarchy

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No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Elected Reign House Claim
Start End Duration
(4)   Norodom Sihanouk
នរោត្តម សីហនុ
(1922–2012)
1993[16] 24 September 1993 7 October 2004 11 years, 13 days Norodom Elected
(Son of Norodom Suramarit and Sisowath Kossamak)
12   Norodom Sihamoni
នរោត្តម សីហមុនី
(born 1953)
2004[2] 14 October 2004 Incumbent 20 years, 51 days Norodom Elected
(Son of Norodom Sihanouk)

Timeline

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Norodom SihamoniChea SimHeng SamrinKhieu SamphanSak SutsakhanSaukam KhoyLon NolCheng HengSisowath KossamakSisowath MonirethChuop HellNorodom SuramaritNorodom SihanoukSisowath MonivongSisowath of CambodiaNorodom of Cambodia

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b Hell simultaneously served as the President of the National Assembly, from 1958 to 1962.
  2. ^ After the death of King Norodom Suramarit, his consort Queen Sisowath Kossamak served as monarch for ceremonial purposes only (as a "symbol, incarnation, and representative" of the dynasty), while the powers of head of state were delegated to her son Norodom Sihanouk, who was appointed "Chief of State" whose powers equal that of a monarch.[6][7]

References

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  1. ^ "Cambodia gets new king". UPI Archives. 14 October 2004. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
  2. ^ a b Samean, Yun (15 October 2004). "Throne Council Selects Sihamoni to be the Next King". The Cambodia Daily. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
  3. ^ "Cambodian King Abdicates Throne in Favor of Father". The New York Times. Reuters. 3 March 1955. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  4. ^ "CAMBODIA NAMES RULER; Prince Sihanouk Agrees to Become 'Chief of State'". The New York Times. 14 June 1960. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  5. ^ Henry Kamm (19 March 1970). "SIHANOUK REPORTED OUT IN A COUP BY HIS PREMIER". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  6. ^ "Cambodian Queen is Dead in Peking". The New York Times. 28 April 1975. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  7. ^ Chandler, David (4 May 2018). A History of Cambodia (4th ed.). Routledge. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-429-96406-0. In 1960 Sihanouk's father, King Suramarit, died. After a series of maneuvers, Sihanouk had himself named Cambodia's chief of state with his mother, Queen Kossamak, continuing to serve as a monarch for ceremonial purposes.
  8. ^ Henry Kamm (10 October 1970). "War Seems Far Away as Cambodia Becomes Republic". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  9. ^ "LON NOL TIGHTENS RULE IN CAMBODIA". The New York Times. Reuters. 11 March 1972. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  10. ^ "Lon Nol Turns Over Rule and Leaves". The New York Times. 2 April 1975. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  11. ^ Sydney Schanberg (13 April 1975). "MILITARY TAKING OVER IN CAMBODIA AS LAST AMERICANS ARE EVACUATED". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  12. ^ "Cambodians Designate Sihanouk as Chief for Life". The New York Times. UPI. 26 April 1975. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  13. ^ "PHNOM PENH SAYS SIHANOUK RESIGNS". The New York Times. UPI. 5 April 1976. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  14. ^ "Cambodia Announces Its New Government". The New York Times. AP. 14 April 1976. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  15. ^ David Binder (9 January 1979). "New Cambodia Leaders Identified In Radio Broadcast From Vietnam". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  16. ^ Downie, Sue (24 September 1993). "Sihanouk reinstated as king of Cambodia". UPI Archives. Retrieved 12 August 2022.