The Heavenly Quran (Arabic: أمّ الکتاب, romanized: umm al-kitāb, lit. 'mother of the Book'[1]), according to a common Islamic belief, is a primordial version of the revealed Quran.
History
editThe idea of a holy book or other religious totem being based on an archetype preserved in heaven is not unique to Islam but goes back "thousands of years" to "the early Sumerians" according to Alfred Guillaume.[2][3]
In the revealed Quran
editQuranic verses 43:4 and 13:39 referred to “mother of the book” (umm al-kitab); verse 85:22 refers to a “well-guarded tablet” (lawh mahfuz) and 56:78 to a “concealed book” (kitab maknun). Revelation of the Quran is described as being "sent down" in verse 17:105:
"With the truth we (God/Allah) have sent it down and with the truth it has come down".[4]
It is also called kalam allah — the word of God — and to most Muslims is eternal and uncreated[1] attribute of God, as opposed to something written or created by God. The Quran that resides in heaven is distinct from the earthly Quran.[5][6] It is disputed whether the revealed Quran is a precise copy of the Heavenly Quran or an abridged version. Commonly, the Injil and the Islamic notion of Torah are thought to be part of the Heavenly Quran.[1][7]
References
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c Morgan, Diane (2010). Essential Islam: A Comprehensive Guide to Belief and Practice. ABC-CLIO 2010. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-313-36025-1.
- ^ Guillaume, Islam, 1954: p.59
- ^ Hitti, Philip K. "The First Book". aramco world. Retrieved 8 April 2019.
- ^ "Surah Al-Isra". search-the-Quran.com. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
- ^ Quran 13:39
- ^ Quran 43:4
- ^ Reza Aslan No God But God: The Origins, Evolution and Future of Islam Random House 2008 ISBN 978-1-407-00928-5 page 99
Books, articles, etc.
edit- Roslan Abdul-Rahim (December 2017). "Demythologizing the Qur'an Rethinking Revelation Through Naskh al-Qur'an" (PDF). Global Journal Al-Thaqafah. 7 (2): 51–78. doi:10.7187/GJAT122017-2. ISSN 2232-0474. Retrieved 26 February 2019.
- Guillaume, Alfred (1954). Islam. Penguin books.
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