Hennessey is an Irish surname, being the anglicised form of Ó hAonghusa. Families of this name were found in Kingdom of Uí Failghe and Kingdom of Desmond. Notable people with the surname include:
- Brad Hennessey (born 1980), baseball player
- Charlotte Hennessey (1873–1928), Canadian actress; mother of Mary Pickford (Gladys Louise Smith), Lottie Pickford and Jack Pickford
- Dorothy Hennessey (1913–2008), Roman Catholic religious sister and activist
- Gwen Hennessey (born 1932), Roman Catholic religious sister and activist
- John Hennessey, founder of Hennessey Performance Engineering
- Keith Hennessey, director of the U.S. National Economic Council
- Terry Hennessey (born 1942), Welsh footballer
- Wayne Hennessey (born 1987), Welsh footballer
- David Hennessey (1858-1890), American police chief
Fictional characters:
- Alistair Hennessey, fictional rival to the eponymous character of The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou