Hermacha is a genus of mygalomorphae spiders in the family Entypesidae. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1889.[3] Originally placed with the Ctenizidae,[3] it was transferred to the funnel-web trapdoor spiders in 1985,[2] then to the Entypesidae in 2020.[4] It is a senior synonym of Damarchodes and Hermachola.[2]
| Hermacha | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Mygalomorphae |
| Family: | Entypesidae |
| Genus: | Hermacha Simon, 1889[1] |
| Type species | |
| H. caudata Simon, 1889
| |
| Species | |
|
17, see text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Species
editAs of January 2023[update] it contains 17 species, found in Africa, Colombia, and Brazil:[1]
- Hermacha anomala (Bertkau, 1880) – Brazil
- Hermacha brevicauda Purcell, 1903 – South Africa
- Hermacha caudata Simon, 1889 (type) – Mozambique
- Hermacha conspersa Mello-Leitão, 1941 – Colombia
- Hermacha evanescens Purcell, 1903 – South Africa
- Hermacha fossor (Bertkau, 1880) – Brazil
- Hermacha fulva Tucker, 1917 – South Africa
- Hermacha itatiayae Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brazil
- Hermacha lanata Purcell, 1902 – South Africa
- Hermacha maraisae Ríos-Tamayo, Engelbrecht & Goloboff, 2021 – South Africa
- Hermacha mazoena Hewitt, 1915 – South Africa
- Hermacha montana Ríos-Tamayo, Engelbrecht & Goloboff, 2021 – South Africa
- Hermacha nigrispinosa Tucker, 1917 – South Africa
- Hermacha purcelli (Simon, 1903) – South Africa
- Hermacha septemtrionalis Ríos-Tamayo, Engelbrecht & Goloboff, 2021 – South Africa
- Hermacha sericea Purcell, 1902 – South Africa
- Hermacha tuckeri Raven, 1985 – South Africa
Formerly included:
- H. bicolor (Pocock, 1897) (Transferred to Brachytheliscus)
- H. capensis (Ausserer, 1871) (Transferred to Hermachola)
- H. crudeni Hewitt, 1913 (Transferred to Hermachola)
- H. grahami (Hewitt, 1915) (Transferred to Hermachola)
- H. iricolor Mello-Leitão, 1923 (Transferred to Rachias)
- H. leporina Simon, 1891 (Transferred to Stenoterommata)
- H. curvipes Purcell, 1902 (Transferred to Ekapa)
- H. nigra Tucker, 1917 (Transferred to Ekapa)'
- H. nigromarginata Strand, 1907
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Gloor, Daniel; Nentwig, Wolfgang; Blick, Theo; Kropf, Christian (2020). "Gen. Hermacha Simon, 1889". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2020-07-11.
- ^ a b c d Raven, R. J. (1985). "The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 182: 85.
- ^ a b Simon, E. (1889). "Descriptions d'espèces africaines nouvelles de la famille des Aviculariidae". Actes de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux. 42: 405–415.
- ^ Opatova, V.; et al. (2020). "Phylogenetic systematics and evolution of the spider infraorder Mygalomorphae using genomic scale data" (PDF). Systematic Biology. 69 (4): 701–702. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syz064. PMID 31841157.
Further reading
edit- Tucker, R. W. E. (1917). "On some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). Families Migidae, Ctenizidae, Diplotheleae and Dipluridae". Annals of the South African Museum. 17: 79–138.
- Raven, R. J. (1985). "The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 182: 1–180.
- Purcell, W. F. (1902). "New South African trap-door spiders of the family Ctenizidae in the collection of the South African Museum". Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society. 11: 348–382. doi:10.1080/21560382.1900.9525972.
- Hewitt, J. (1915). "New South African Arachnida". Annals of the Natal Museum. 3: 289–327. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.7433.
- Purcell, W. F. (1903). "New South African spiders of the families Migidae, Ctenizidae, Barychelidae Dipluridae, and Lycosidae". Annals of the South African Museum. 3: 69–142.